Lecture 14 - Carbohydrate Structure and Function

Question 1

Isomer, order of atoms change.

Answer 1

Constitutional isomers (i.e. are tautomers)

Question 2

Isomer. has the same connectivity but are different in spatial arrangement.

Answer 2

Stereoisomer

Question 3

Stereoisomer, has chiral carbons.

Answer 3

Configurational isomers

Question 4

Configurational isomer, mirror images of each other at all chiral carbons.

Answer 4

Enantiomers

Question 5

Configurational isomer, have multiple chiral centers, not all cchircal carbons are mirror images.

Answer 5

Diastereomers

Question 6

Linear projection of carbohydrate.

Answer 6

Fisher Projections

Question 7

Cyclical versions of carbohydrates.

Answer 7

Haworth projections

Question 8

Diastereomer, differs at the anomeric carbon only.

Answer 8

Anomer

Question 9

Diastereomer, differs at carbobs other than the anomeric carbon.

Answer 9

Epimer

Question 10

Stereoisomer, has revirsible rotation changes.

Answer 10

Conformation isomers

Question 11

Carbohydrate depicted

Answer 11

D-Glyceradehyde

Question 12

Carbohydrate depicted.

Answer 12

D-Ribose

Question 13

Carbohydrate depicted.

Answer 13

D-Glucose

Question 14

Carbohydrate depicted.

Answer 14

D-Galactose

Question 15

Carbohydrate depicted.

Answer 15

D-Mannose

Question 16

Carbohydrate depicted.

Answer 16

D-Dihydroxyacetone

Question 17

Carbohydrate depicted.

Answer 17

D-Ribulose

Question 18

Carbohydrate depicted.

Answer 18

D-Fructose

Question 19

[…] are formed when one or more hydroxyls are replaced.

Answer 19

Glycosides

Question 20

Galactose derivative, only L-monosaccharide made and used by mammals, part of A/B/O blood antigens.

Answer 20

Fucose

Question 21

Can be caused by excess fucose in blood.

Answer 21

Liver damage, cancer, diabetes, heart disease.