Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Clinical Pathology Exam 1 > Lecture 9 - Coagulation testing > Flashcards

Lecture 9 - Coagulation testing Flashcards

1
Q

what sample is used for most coagulation testing

A

PLASMA (use a citrate/blue tube)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

why not use serum

A

it clots and lacks factors needed for testing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

4 venipuncture sample tips

A
  1. use plastic syringe and tube
  2. fresh, clean stick
  3. do not collect from catheter
  4. properly fill the tube
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

__ inhibits coagulation by binding calcium

A

sodium citrate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

ratio of citrate to blood MUST be __ why need to fill it appropriately

A

1:9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Analysis must be preformed ASAP or

A

plasma should be frozen within 30mins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

After centrifugation what is present in citrated plasma

A

only coagulation factors and other blood chemicals

(NO WBC, RBC, Platelets, or Ca!)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

7 tests for coagulation/hemostatic function

A
  1. PT
  2. PTT
  3. ACT
  4. Fibrinogen concentration and TT
  5. FDPs
  6. D-dimers
  7. thromboelastography
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

__ coagulation model is not what happens in the body but what happens in the tube, important for understanding tests

A

classic cascade

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

cats, manatees, dolphins and other exotics lack __

A

factor 12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

__ tests the extrinsic (and common) pathway

A

PT (prothrombin time or one stage prothrombin time) measures time for clot to form when tissue thromboplastin is added = “extrinsic”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How does PT test the extrinsic pathway

A

measures time for fibrin clot to form in citrated plasma after adding tissue factor (thromboplastin), Ca, and substitute for platelet = “extrinsic” bc adding things

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

a __ % deficiency is required before prolognation of PT and PTT

A

70%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

prolonged PT means there is inhibition or deficiency of

A

factor 7, tissue factor or the common pathway factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what factors are vitamin K dependent coagulation factors

A

2, 7, 9, 10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

PT can be used to monitor __ therapy

A

warfarin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

PT is the best test for __

A

vitamin K antagonism or deficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

__ and __ test the intrinsic (and common) pathway

A

PTT (activated Partial Thromboplastin Time) and ACT

19
Q

Which test does NOT have tissue factor/thromboplastin added to tube?

A

PTT (why it’s “intrinsic”). only add things already in the body like contact activator, Ca, and platelet substitute

20
Q

PTT and ACT can be used to monitor __ therapy

A

heparin

21
Q

artificially prolonged test times can be caused by

A
  1. delayed testing
  2. warm sample
  3. low plasma citrate ratio (inappropriate filled tube) = erythrocytosis
22
Q

__ test uses patient’s own clotting factors, Ca and platelet’s, it can be done in the clinic for this reason!

A

ACT

23
Q

ACT measures time for fibrin clot to form in __ sample using special tube and patient’s own factors

A

WHOLE BLOOD (PT and PTT tests are run using citrated plasma)

24
Q

ACT stands for

A

activated clotting/coagulation time

25
Q

ACT must be __% deficient before prolongation is detected

A

95% (compared to 70% for PT and PTT) - Not the best test for this reason, but better than nothing

26
Q

severe __ can prolong ACT results

A

thrombocytopenia

27
Q

ACT sample needs to be ran at __ temperature

A

body T (37C)

28
Q

ACT and PTT test the same thing but the __ are different

A

prolongation detections

29
Q

PT stands for

A

prothrombin time

30
Q

PTT stands for

A

activated partial thromboplastin time

31
Q

ACT stands for

A

activated clotting time

32
Q

TT stands for

A

thrombin time (qualitative and quantitative fibriongen defects)

33
Q

fibrinogen estimated by heat ppt is better at detecting

A

elevations than decreases

decrease =
conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin
DIC

Increase =
inflammation

34
Q

Does fibrinogen increase or decrease with DIC

A

Decrease

35
Q

fibrinogen estimate heat ppt test does NOT detect __ fibrinogen activity, it only estimates fibrinogen quantity

A

defective

36
Q

__ is a more specific measurement of fibrinogen quantity and activity (not readily available, also don’t usually need these specific measurements)

A

TT (thrombin time) and Thromboelastography

37
Q

role of plasmin in fibrinolysis

A

breaks fibrinogen/fibrin down into FDPs and D-dimers

38
Q

What are FDPs (or FSPs)

A

fibrinogen and fibrin degradation products

39
Q

FDPs are formed from Plasmin degradation of

A

fibrinogen, fibrin monomers, and crosslinked fibrin

40
Q

__ are formed by plasmin degradation of crosslinked fibrin

A

D-dimers (and FDPs)

41
Q

increased concentration of __ and __ INHIBITS coagulation and promotes bleeding

A

FDPs and D-dimers

42
Q

__ is increase of FDPs only (seen in envenomations, exess TPA release during shock, heatstroke, sx trauma)

A

fibrinogenolysis (promotes bleeding)

43
Q

__ from DIC, sepsis/inflammation, internal hemorrhage, or thromboembolic dz will see BOTH D-dimers and FDPs

A

increased fibrinolysis

Clinical Pathology Exam 1 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions