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Clinical Pathology Exam 1 > Lecture 8 - Coagulation (Classic) > Flashcards

Lecture 8 - Coagulation (Classic) Flashcards

1
Q

most coagulation factors are synthesized in the

A

liver

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2
Q

factors circulate in __ form

A

inactive

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3
Q

factor 4

A

calcium

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4
Q

factor 2a

A

thrombin

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5
Q

factor 1

A

fibrinogin

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6
Q

the classic cascade model for coagulation includes

A

extrinsic, intrinsic and common pathways

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7
Q

vitamin K dependent coagulation factors (essential!!!)

A

2 (thrombin), 7, 9, 10

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8
Q

__ states can cause body to not process fat and end up with vitamin K deficiency = not able to clot well due to factors 2, 7, 9, 10 compromised

A

maldigestion dz (vitamin K is fat soluble)

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9
Q

vitamin K dependent enzyme in the __ is essential for the sythesis of vitamin K-dependent factors

A

liver

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10
Q

__ intoxication targets vitamin K dependent factors = can’t clot!

A

anticoagulatant rodenticides (factor 7)

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11
Q

factor __ has the shortest half life

A

7

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12
Q

what pathway occurs when negatively charged endothelium tissue is damaged

A

extrinsic/tissue factor pathway (factor 7/Ca/Tissue Factor)

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13
Q

How is extrinsic pathway initiated

A

exposed subendothelial cells and tissue factor

factor 7 binds and is activated by Ca

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14
Q

7a/Ca/Tissue factor activates

A

factor 10 (and factor 9)

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15
Q

Factor 10a binds to

A

5a on the platelet, Ca++ brings negative charged complex to the negative surface bc it is +

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16
Q

Factor 10a/5a/Platelet complex activates

A

small amounts of prothrombin (factor 2) to thrombin (2a)

17
Q

Thrombin (2a) converts __ and __

A
  1. fibrinogen (factor 1) into fibrin monomers AND

2. factor 13 into 13a to cross link the fibrin monomers to form stable cross linked fibrin/secondary hemostatic plug

18
Q

What does factor 13a do?

A

cross link the fibrin monomers to form stable cross linked fibrin/secondary hemostatic plug

19
Q

what are 2 main feedback loops to amplify the extrinsic pathway

A
  1. 10a activates 7 to 7a (starts whole cascade over)

2. 7a activates factor 9 to 9a which activates common pathway

20
Q

propagation is initiated by thrombin (factor 2) which activates everything and is called the __

A

thrombin burst = majority of fibrin forms from this!

21
Q

__ converts fibrin monomers into cross linked fibrin

A

thrombin (2a) (via 13a)

22
Q

__ initiates the thrombin burst

A

thrombin (2a)

23
Q

Factor 12 (hageman), HMWK, and prekallikrein are part of factors used __ (outside body) to activate coagulation system by physical contact. in the actual body they are not required to start the coagulation process. They have more involvement in __ pathways and __ and __ activation.

A

in vitro

inflammatory and complement, fibrolysis

24
Q

Factor 12, HMWK, prekallikrein are __ acivated by physical contact and __ are not important to hemostasis, but it’s function in hemostasis is useful in lab tests)

A

in vitro (outside body), in vivo (inside body)

25
Q

is the coagulation cascade the main function of factor 12 (hageman factor)

A

no, it is a minor function (it also involved in inflammation, complement and fibrolysis activation)

26
Q

hemostasis is the interaction of BV, platelets, and coagulation factors to stop hemorrhage without

A

obstructing blood flow (balance between fibrin clot formation and degradation)

27
Q

__ is initiated at the same time as coagulation

A

fibrinolysis (clot degradation)

28
Q

important fibrinolysis/coagulation inhibitor factors

A
  1. plasmin
  2. antithrombin 3
  3. protein C with protein S
  4. Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor (TFPI)
29
Q

Tissue factor activates tissue plasminogen activator which converts

A

plasminogen to plasmin (fibrionlysis)

30
Q

plasmin breaks down what 3 things

A

fibrinogen, fibrin monomers and cross linked fibrin

Clinical Pathology Exam 1 (12 decks)

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