lecture 9 - chemical equilibrium Flashcards
Define chemical equilibrium.
A dynamic state where the forward and reverse reactions occur at the same rate, and concentrations of reactants and products remain constant.
What does K_c represent?
The equilibrium constant in terms of concentrations.
What is the reaction quotient (Q)?
A ratio of product to reactant concentrations at a specific time.
What happens if Q < K?
The reaction shifts right, toward products.
What happens if Q > K?
The reaction shifts left, toward reactants.
How does adding a reactant affect equilibrium?
Shifts equilibrium to the right to consume the added reactant.
How does increasing pressure affect a gaseous system?
Shifts toward fewer moles of gas.
How does temperature affect an exothermic reaction?
Increasing temperature shifts equilibrium left (toward reactants).
What is the effect of a catalyst on equilibrium?
It speeds up both forward and reverse reactions but does not alter the equilibrium position
