Lecture 9 - cells of the NS

Question 1

name the parts of the neuron

Answer 1

• dendrites = gather sensory info
• axon = sends signals to different parts of the body
• cell body

Question 2

what are the functions of the NS

Answer 2

sensory
- sense changes through sensory receptors

motor
- responds to stimuli to target
(targets muscles or glands)

integrative
- analyzing incoming sensory information, store some aspects and make decisions regarding appropiate behaviours

Question 3

components of CNS

Answer 3

brain and spinal cord

Question 4

components of PNS

Answer 4

sensory receptors, ganglion, plexus and nerves

Question 5

what is a sensory receptor

Answer 5

the ending of neurons or separate, specialized cells that detect such thing as temp, pain …

Question 6

what is a nerve

Answer 6

a bundle of axons and their sheaths that connects CNS to sensory receptors, muscles and glands

Question 7

what are the 2 types of nerves

Answer 7

cranial nerves
- brain ; 12 pairs

spinal nerves
- spine ; 31 pairs

Question 8

what is a ganglion

Answer 8

collection of neuron cell bodies outside CNS
- all sensory info from spinal nerves or connection places between one neuron and another

Question 9

what is a plexus

Answer 9

extensive network of axons, and sometimes neuron cell bodies located outside CNS

Question 10

what are the 2 divisions of the PNS

Answer 10

sensory (afferent)
transmits AP from receptors to CNS

motor (efferent)
transmits action potentials from CNS to effectors (muscles, glands

Question 11

describe the pathway for sensory input till sensory output

Answer 11

1. sensory info is collected from internal and external environment
2. information is picked up from sensory receptors and taken to CNS via AP
3. from the CNS either the somatic NS or autonomic depending on what it effects
4. motor output then changes the target region via AP

Question 12

what are general senses

Answer 12

receptors throughout the body like on the skin

Question 13

what are special senses

Answer 13

receptors in specific organs ex. like light info and the retina

Question 14

what are the 2 sensory divisoins of PNS

Answer 14

general senses and special senses

Question 15

what are the motor divisons of PNS

Answer 15

somatic NS, autonomic NS and enteric NS

Question 16

what does the autonomic NS do

Answer 16

AP from CNS to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and certain glands
- involuntary control
- 2 neuron system

Question 17

descibe the 2 neuron system

Answer 17

the AP goes first from the CNS to gangion, secon from ganglion to effector

Question 18

descibe the divisions of ANS

Answer 18

sympathetic
- prepares body for physcial activity FIGHT OR FLIGHT

parasympathetic
- regulates resting or vegetative functions like digesting food REST AND DIGEST

Question 19

describe enteric NS

Answer 19

plexuses withing the wall of the digestive tract.
- controls digestive tract independently of CNS via ANS

basically that digestion goes on without involving the CNS

Question 20

NS organization

Answer 20

receptor -> sensory NS -> CNS -> motor NS -> effector