Lecture 8 - CT

Question 1

describe characteristics of connective tissue

Answer 1

• abundant - found in every organ
• the cells are separated by extracellular matrix
• diverse

Question 2

what are functions of CT?

Answer 2

• enclose organs as a capsule
• connect tissues to each other via ligaments and tendons
• support and movement via bones
• storage in the form of fat
• cushion and insulate via fat
• transport via blood
• protect via cells of immune system

Question 3

define blast

Answer 3

create matrix

Question 4

define cyte

Answer 4

maintain matrix

Question 5

define clasts

Answer 5

break matrix down

Question 6

what does osteo and chondro mean

Answer 6

osteo = bone
chrondro = cartilage

Question 7

why are blast cells immature

Answer 7

because once theyre done building they turn into cyte cells which is their final mature form

Question 8

what is a macrophage

Answer 8

cells that digest debri

Question 9

what are mast cells

Answer 9

cells that secrete heparin (heparin is a histamine that’s involved in inflammatory responses - ex, during allergic reactions it causes inflammation

Question 10

what are the 3 types of protein fibers and describe them.

Answer 10

collagen:
- most common, strong, flexible, inelastic
reticular:
- fill spaces between tissues and organs, form branching networks
elastic:
- returns to its original shape after distention or compression.

Question 11

what does ground substance contain and describe

Answer 11

part of the extracellular matrix

HA:
is found in joints and it makes it slippery to reduce friction

Proteoglycan:
proteoglycan aggregate retains water to make the matrix more or less fluid

Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs):

Adhesion Proteins:
hold things together and attach to neighboring cells

Question 12

what consistency can ground substance be

Answer 12

fluid, semifluid, gelatinous or calcified

Question 13

list the different types of CT

Answer 13

CT proper:
- loose
- areolar, adipose, reticular
- dense
- regular/irregular collagenous/elastic

supporting CT
- cartilage
- bone

fluid CT:
blood

Question 14

describe loose CT types

Answer 14

areolar:
- loose packed in most organs
- attaches to SKIN to underlying tissues
- contains collagen, reticular and elastic fibers

adipose tissue:
- specialized for storage of triglycerides (fat)
- found where areolar CT located
- energy store, supports & protects organs, insulation

reticular tissue:
- provides framework for lymphatic organs

Question 15

describe the 4 different types of dense CT

Answer 15

dense regular collagenous:
- hella collagen that resists stretching
- very strong in length of pull
- tendons and ligaments

dense irreg collagenous:
- protein fibers arranged in random
- allows for stretch in many directions
- skin, scars, capsules of kidney and spleen

dense reg elastic:
- ligaments in vocal folds; nuchal ligament
- gives it more flex and stretch
- collagen fibers give strength for u to shout

dense irreg elastic:
- bundles and sheets of collagenous and elastic fibers with multiple directions
- in walls of elastic arteries that leave that heart
- accommodate for blood pumped out
- strong but elastic