Lecture 9: Blood Components: Preparation, Storage, & Shipment

Question 1

Whole blood

Answer 1

Blood collected from donors contains all cellular and liquid element

Question 2

Whole blood: Components

Answer 2

Parts of blood used for treating patients, including:
RBCs
Plasma
Platelets
cryoprecipitated antihemophiliac factor

Question 3

Hemotherapy

Answer 3

Use blood or blood components to treat a disease in a patient

Question 4

Blood Collection bag

Answer 4

a closed system consisting of main bag with needle, tubing, and up to four satellite bags attached
The entire system is sterile

Question 5

Standard phlebotomy for blood collection bag

Answer 5

450 mL - 500 mL

Question 6

Blood collection bag: calculations

Answer 6

Reduced Volume factor (A) = weight of patient /110 lb
A x 500 mL = amount of blood to collect
A x 70 mL = amount of anticoagulant needed (B)
70 – B = amount of anticoagulant to remove

Question 7

Adenine

Answer 7

Used in ATP synthesis

Question 8

Citrate

Answer 8

Chelated calcium to prevent coagulation

Question 9

Dextrose

Answer 9

Sugar to support RBC life

Question 10

CPD, CP2D, CPDA-1

Answer 10

Citrate-phosphate-dextrose
Citrate-phosphate-2-dextrose
Citrate-phosphate dextrose adenine-1

Question 11

Sodium bisphosphate

Answer 11

Buffer to prevent decreased pH

Question 12

Shelf life

Answer 12

the amount of storage that blood can take that yields at least 75% of the original RBC still in recipient’s circulation 24 hours after transfusion

Question 13

What is decreased in stored blood

Answer 13

Glucose, ATP, 2,3-BPG, and pH

Question 14

Additive solutions for storage

Answer 14

AS-1 contains mannitol
AS-3 contains citrate and phosphate
AS-5 contains mannitol

Question 15

When must additive solutions be added?

Answer 15

within 72 hours of collection
added to RBCs after plasma is separated off

Question 16

How long do additives extend shelf life?

Answer 16

42 days

Question 17

Rejuvenation solution

Answer 17

Contains phosphate, inosine, pyruvate, and adenine
is to restore 2,3-BPG and ATP levels before freezing or transfusing a uni
May be necessary for autologous or rare units

Question 18

What is whole blood separated into?

Answer 18

RBCs
platelets
fresh-frozen plasma (FFP)
cryoprecipitated antihemophiliac factor

Question 19

What is added to RBC bag?

Answer 19

AS-1

Question 20

What happens to platelet bag?

Answer 20

centrifuged to sediment platelets (“hard spin”)
Plasma is separated into FFP bag, leaving platelets with 40 to 70 mL of plasma in platelet bag

Question 21

What is done to plasma?

Answer 21

either frozen to make FFP within 8 hours of collection or frozen and later thawed in refrigerated conditions to make cryoprecipitate and cryo-poor plasma

Question 22

All refrigerators, freezers, and platelet incubators must have what for storage?

Answer 22

Recording devices that monitor the temperature at least every 4 hours
Audible alarms that ensure response 24 hours a day
Regular alarm checks
Power failure and alarm activation emergency procedure
Emergency power backups
Calibrated thermometers
Written procedures for all the above

Question 23

How are RBCs shipped?

Answer 23

Temperature at 1-10oC
cardboard boxes with styrofoam box inside
ice is doubled-bagged and weighs approximately nine pounds

Question 24

What’s the difference in shipping RBCs and other components?

Answer 24

Components shipped in dry ice
RBCs shipped in wet ice

Question 25

How are platelets shipped?

Answer 25

At room temp
can survive w/o agitation for a minimum of 24 hours

Question 26

What is done to receive shipped products?

Answer 26

observe and record the temperature and appearance of units
All problems and dispositions must be documented and stored with blood bank records

Question 27

What is the process for administrating blood?

Answer 27

Positive identification of patient, sample, and crossmatched unit
normal saline should be infused with blood components
170 micron filter must be used
Leukoreduction filters may be used to reduce the number of leukocytes transfused w/RBCs

Question 28

What is the maximum transfusion time?

Answer 28

2-4 hours