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Year 1: 04. MSK Exam 2 > Lecture 9: Anterolateral Leg > Flashcards

Lecture 9: Anterolateral Leg Flashcards

1
Q

The Crural Frascia thickens distally into what?

What does this structure do?

A

Extensor Retinaculum

-prevents bowstringing during dorsiflexion

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2
Q

Why do you often see edema in the legs of elderly people?

A

Their crural fascia is more lax, and thus their musculovenous pump is less effective

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3
Q

How does the musculovenous pump in the leg work?

A

The crural fascia is tight enough that when the muscles of the leg contract, they must expand inward instead of outward. This pushes blood up the veins of the leg, since they have valves that prevent blood from seeping down the leg.

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4
Q

How would you relieve intracompartmental pressure in the leg?

A

Fasciotomy

  • Incise fascia to relieve pressure and prevent permanent injury
  • Leg can stay open for a while
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5
Q

What muscles do you find in the anterior compartment?

A
  • Tibialis Anterior Muscle
  • Extensor Hallucis Longus Muscle
  • Extensor Digitorum Longus
  • Fibularis Tertius
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6
Q

Tibialis Anterior Muscle

What is its attachments?

A

Origin: Lateral Tibial Condyle

Insertion: Medial Surface of first cuneiform and first metatarsal base

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7
Q

Tibialis Anterior Muscle

What is its action?

A
  1. Inversion of Foot
  2. Dorsiflexion of Foot
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8
Q

Tibialis Anterior Muscle

What is its innervation and blood supply?

A

Innervation: Deep Fibular Nerve

Blood Supply: Anterior Tibial Artery

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9
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus Muscle

What is its attachments?

A

Origin: Lateral Tibial Condyle and Medial Aspect of Fibula; Interosseus Membrane

Insertion: 2nd-5th intermediate and distal phalanges

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10
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus​ Muscle

What is its action?

A
  1. Extends lateral four digits
  2. Dorsiflexion of Foot
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11
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus​ Muscle

What is its innervation and blood supply?

A

Innervation: Deep Fibular Nerve

Blood Supply: Anterior Tibial Artery

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12
Q

Extensor Hallucis Longus Muscle

What is its attachments?

A

Origin: Anterior Aspect of Fibula; Interosseus Membrane

Insertion: Base of Distal Phalanx of Hallux

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13
Q

Extensor Hallucis Longus​ Muscle

What is its action?

A
  1. Extends hallux
  2. Dorsiflexion of Ankle
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14
Q

Extensor Hallucis Longus​ Muscle

What is its innervation and blood supply?

A

Innervation: Deep Fibular Nerve

Blood Supply: Anterior Tibial Artery

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15
Q

Fibularis Tertius​ Muscle

What is its attachments?

A

Origin: Anteroinferior Aspect of Fibula

Insertion: Dorsum of 5th metatarsal base

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16
Q

Fibularis Tertius​ Muscle

What is its action?

A
  1. Eversion
  2. Dorsiflexion of Ankle
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17
Q

Fibularis Tertius​​ Muscle

What is its innervation and blood supply?

A

Innervation: Deep Fibular Nerve

Blood Supply: Anterior Tibial Artery

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18
Q

What muscle does the Fibularis Tertius tend to fuse with?

A

Extensor Digitorum Longus

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19
Q

Where does the common fibular nerve split into the superficial and deep branches?

A

Between the Fibula and Fibularis Longus Muscle

-Around the head of the fibula

20
Q

What artery runs with the Deep Fibular Nerve?

A

The Anterior Tibial Artery

21
Q

What does the Deep Fibular Nerve innervate?

A
  • Anterior Compartment Muscles
  • Ankle joint and metacarpal phlanageal joints
22
Q

What are the terminal branches of the deep fibular nerve?

A

Medial and Lateral branches of the Deep Fibular Nerve at the dorsum of the foot

23
Q

What is the function of the Lateral Branch of the Deep Fibular Nerve?

A

Innervates the intrinsic muscles of the dorsum of the foot

  • Extensor Hallucis Brevis
  • Extensor Digitorum Brevis
24
Q

What is the function of the Medial Branch of the Deep Fibular Nerve?

A

Sensory innervation to the flip flop area

(medial branch innervates part of the medial two toes)

25
Q

What artery supplies the anterior compartment?

Where does it come from?

A

Anterior Tibial Artery arises from Popliteal Artery and passes anteriorly via Interosseous Membrane

26
Q

What is the terminal branch of the Anterior Tibial Artery?

A

Dorsalis Pedis

Ends at ankle between malleoli

27
Q

What does “peroneal” mean?

A

Fibular

28
Q

What structures do you find in the lateral compartment?

A
  • Fibularis Brevis
  • Fibularis Longus
  • Superficial Fibular Nerve
29
Q

Fibularis Longus​ Muscle

What is its attachments?

A

Origin: Head and Superior aspect of Fibula

Insertion: Base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform

30
Q

Fibularis Longus​ Muscle

What is its action?

A
  1. Eversion
  2. Plantar Flexion of Ankle
31
Q

Fibularis Longus​​ Muscle

What is its innervation and blood supply?

A

Innervation: Superficial Fibular Nerve

Blood Supply: Fibular Artery

32
Q

What pulley structure on the calcaneus does the tendon of the fibularis longus muscle pass under?

A

Fibular trochlea (A ridge on the lateral surface of the calcaneus)

33
Q

What bone has a specific groove for the fibularis longus?

A

The cuboid

34
Q

Fibularis Brevis​ Muscle

What is its attachments?

A

Origin: Inferolateral aspect of Fibula

Insertion: Tuberosity of base of 5th metatarsal

35
Q

Fibularis Brevis​ Muscle

What is its action?

A
  1. Eversion
  2. Plantar Flexion of Ankle
36
Q

Fibularis Brevis​​ Muscle

What is its innervation and blood supply?

A

Innervation: Superficial Fibular Nerve

Blood Supply: Fibular Artery

37
Q

What provides sensation to the majority of the dorsum of the foot?

A

Superficial Fibular Nerve

Except flip flop spot (supplied by the Medial Branch of the Deep Fibular Nerve)

38
Q

Where is the Common Fibular Nerve vulnerable to being struck?

What happens when it is injured?

A

Around the head of the fibula (the most superficial there)

Results in paralysis of all anterior and lateral leg muscles

  • Loss of dorsiflexion and eversion
  • Difficult to achieve heel strike
  • Loss of sensation in anterolateral leg and dorsum of foot
39
Q

What kind of gait accompanies damage to the common fibular nerve?

A

“High stepping gait”

40
Q

What compartment of the leg contains no arteries?

A

The lateral compartment

41
Q

What provides blood supply to the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

Perforating branches of the fibular artery

Fibular Artery runs in the posterior compartment

42
Q

What vessel does the fibular artery come off of?

A

The Popliteal Artery

-Spits of into Posterior Tibial Artery and Fibular Artery

43
Q

What muscle should we associate with shin splints?

A

Tibialis Anterior (due to repetitive microtrauma)

-Mild form of compartmental syndrome

44
Q

What three muscles are responsible for eversion of the foot?

A

Fibularis Longus and Brevis

Fibularis Tertius

45
Q

What two muscles invert the foot?

A

Tibialis Posterior and Tibialis Anterior Muscles

46
Q

What might cause foot drop?

A

Injury to the common fibular nerve (in the case of loss of both dorsiflexion and eversion)

Injury to the deep fibular nerve (in the case of loss of just dorsiflexion, but not eversion)

Year 1: 04. MSK Exam 2 (25 decks)

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