lecture 9 Agriculture and environment Flashcards
How did the agricultural policy come into being?
The coal and steel community founded in the late 40s 50s as a reaction to what happened during the war in Europe. -Hunger winter 1944-45
who was the architect of the European Agricultural Policy?
-Sicco Mansholt, witnessed the hunger, he aimed to modernization of farming- efficiency, focused on quantity.
what 3 principles were decided in 1958 in the Rome Treaty?
- Single Market in agricultural produce
- Community Preference (community of steel and coal goes first and then import from other countries and markets outside)
- Joint financing- costs of the CAP would be met by the Community rather than by individual member states.
what were the 4 goals of the CAP regarding agriculture?
- increase agricultural productivity
- stabilize markets
- assure supplies
- ensure reasonable prices for consumers
How does the CAP work?
EC, Council of Ministers and farmers meet to agree on target prices, when market prices fall bellow, policy is [aid by EU budget, because agricultural have an unpredictable market because of weather
how is dramatic agricultural productivity solved?
The mansholt plan launched in 1968, to eliminate the smaller farms and focus on the big agricultural industrial cooperation’s.
what did the EU regarding food safety?
the CAP was shifted from quantity to quality.
which policy decisions were made for food security?
General Food Law first one developed in 2002, European Food Safety Authority (EFSA, Parma)
what happened after 1980s regarding environmental policy?
1972 the club of Rome scientist made a report called the Limits of Growth . they said that we needed to grow less and change our lifestyle because there are limits to our resources.
what did mansholt do in 1972?
he send a letter to the president of the commission saying that he wanted to contribute to an economy no longer based on maximum growth but national benefit and gross national product
what did the EU do to respond to green houses and which years?
1992: United Nations Framework Convention of Climate Change first ones to develop this (UNFCCC)
-1997: Kyoto Protocol (cutting emission on greenhouse gases). Ratified by almost all European countries.
2015 Paris Agreement: first ever legally binding global climate change agreement of the United Nation.
what is the Green Deal?
Climate law for a green deal, 60% carbon emission cut by 2030 etc.
what do farmers think about this the Green deal?
A lot of famers are not interested in the green deal because it is developed by environmentalists.
