lecture 9 Flashcards
1
Q
what are the 5 major types of connective tissue?
A
- bone
- tendon
- cartilage
- derma (skin)
- fascia
2
Q
what are some examples of specialised connective tissue?
A
- umbilical cord
- kidney cortex
3
Q
what do connective tissues have in common?
A
- relatively few cells
- lots of extracellular material/matrix
4
Q
what are the fibres found ?
A
- elastin and collagen
5
Q
how are they arranged?
A
- in parallel or crisscrossed meshwork
6
Q
what are connective tissue characteristics relative to?
A
- fibrillar proteins
- proportions of collagen and proteoglycans
7
Q
what are proteoglycans?
A
- specialised form of glycoprotein
8
Q
what are the 3 main types of cartilage?
A
- hyaline (in joints)
- fibrous (annulus fibrosus, repair)
- elastic (elastin, ear lobes, epiglottis)
9
Q
what is hyaline cartilage?
A
- covers bone articulating surfaces (joints)
- forms distal ends of ribs
- forms cartilaginous plates of nasal septum, larynx, trachea and bronchi
- firm and flexible
10
Q
what is the flexibility of hyaline cartilage due to?
A
- proteoglycan content
11
Q
what is the rigidity and tensile strength of hyaline cartilage due to?
A
- collagen content
12
Q
what is the structure of the synovial joint?
A
- 2 bones
- capsule containing synovial fluid (lubrication of joint)
- cartilage layer on surface
- perichondrium on top (skin thin)
13
Q
how does the cartilage gain nutrients?
A
- synovial fluid as in contact with blood
- up through subchodral bone
14
Q
what are the characteristics of cartilage?
A
- no nerve supply
- not innervated with blood or neves
- immune privileged as no blood supply (no surveillance from immune system)
- low chondrocyte nutrient supply
15
Q
what is found in an immobilised joint?
A
- hydroxyproline increased in blood
