Lecture 83 - Tobacco and Cannabis

Question 1

While nicotine causes relaxation, calmness, sharpness, and alertness, it also acts as an ______ and ________ agent. So for people still smoking cigarettes nowadays, consider working these things up.

Answer 1

Antidepressant

Anxiolytic

Question 2

The goal of smokers is not to reach a high level of arousal with their nicotine intake, but rather to maintain within the _____ zone, between Arousal and Abstinence symptoms/withdrawal. What time during the day would you expect abstinence symptoms to be the worst?

Answer 2

Neutral zone

Morning, right after waking, because they’re obviously not smoking while they sleep.

Question 3

Tobacco smoke induces ______ (one of the CYP450 enzymes), so it decreases the bioavailability of drugs metabolized by this enzyme. Some important ones in psychology are Clozapine, Olanzapine, Haloperidol, Chlorpromazine, and Fluvoxamine.

Answer 3

CYP1A2

Question 4

What are the 3 tennents of assessing patients that use tobacco?

Answer 4

Ask

Advise

Refer

Question 5

If the Time to first cigarette (TTFC) for a patient is < _____mins, they should be considered for a medication trial.

1st line treatment includes _____ (a partial agonist to the ACh receptor), Combination _____, and ______.

Answer 5

30mins

Varenicline

Combination NRT (Nicotine replacement therapy –> a long acting patch with steady nicotine release PLUS fast acting release like gum)

Buproprion

Question 6

For smokers that also suffer from depression, consider _______ to treat both.

Answer 6

Buproprion

Question 7

About ______% of the US population smokes.

Answer 7

14%

Question 8

THC activates the CB1 and CB2 receptors. There is a high density of CB1 receptors in the upper brain structures and a Low density in the Brainstem. What does this mean for its risk of respiratory depression?

CB2 is found in the Spleen, ________ cell lines, and in mast cells.

The endogenous equivalent to THC is ________.

Answer 8

It is UNLIKELY to cause respiratory depression

Hematopoietic cell lines

Anandamide

Question 9

The neurocognitive effects of Cannabis intoxication include ____-term memory loss, ______ impairment (often leading to risky sexual behavior), and _______ coordination impairment.

Answer 9

Short-term

Judgement

Motor coordination

Question 10

Acute psychotic episodes are more common with high dose of cannabis via which route, eating or smoking?

Answer 10

Eating

Question 11

Rank the following from most to least addictive:

Tobacco

Alcohol

Cocaine

Cannabis

Answer 11

Tobacco > Alcohol > cocaine > cannabis