Lecture 82 - Clinical Conditions of the Head and Neck

Question 1

Facial Nerve paralysis has many etiologies, but the most common is Idiopathic leading to _____ Palsy. In these cases, treat with _______ and _______.

Ramsay-Hunt is a type of Facial Nerve paralysis caused by _____ _____. Look for these patients to present with painful _______ on the face or ears. Treatment is oral _______ and ________ (same as above).

Answer 1

Bell’s Palsy

Steroids

Antivirals (valtrex)

Herpes Zoster

Vesicles

Steroids

Antivirals (Acyclovir)

Question 2

______ Media is the second most common disease in young children and is an Anatomical problem whereby the Eustachian tube cannot drain properly, leading to infection. Look for these patients to have large ______ tonsils, causing blockage of the eustachian tube.

Answer 2

Otitis Media

Adenoids

Question 3

Otitis Externa is most commonly cause by _________, though it can occasionally be Staph aureus or fungal. Treat with topical Abx and advise water precautions (remember this is “swimmer’s ear”).

Answer 3

Pseudomonas

Question 4

How long do the following causes of vertigo last?

BPPV

Vestibular Neuronitis/Labrynthitis

Meniere’s disease

Answer 4

BPPV –> Minutes

Vestibular Neuronitis/Labrynthitis –> Days

Meniere’s –> Hours but recurrent

Question 5

Children presenting with Nasal Polyps should be suspected of having ______ until proven otherwise.

Answer 5

Cystic Fibrosis (CF)

Question 6

In high school-aged children presenting with Pharyngitis but with Negative Strep test, you need to be thinking about _______. In this disease, the spleen becomes enlarged, so any contact sport the child participates in could be life thretening (ruptured spleen).

Answer 6

Mono

Question 7

Laryngeal-Croup is identified on CXR by a “steeple sign” which refers to a ______ of the trachea.

Answer 7

Narrowing