lecture 8: the autonomic nervous system- anatomy

Question 1

what are the three nervous systems in the body?

Answer 1

• the CNS
• the PNS
• the autonomic nervous system

Question 2

what does the autonomic nervous system consist of?

Answer 2

• sympathetic
• parasympathetic
• enteric (the guts own nervous system)

Question 3

what is the sympathetic nervous system involved in?

Answer 3

• response for fight and flight response

Question 4

what is the parasympathetic nervous system involved in?

Answer 4

• the local responses and conservation at rest and digest

Question 5

what is the anatomy of the sympathetic nervous system?

Answer 5

Thoracolumbar outflow

• originates from T1 to L1/L2 (thoracolumbar)
• located alongside the spinal cord is the sympathetic trunk ganglia

Question 6

the parasympathetic nervous system anatomy?

Answer 6

• originates in the cranial areas not in the brain stem (craniosacral)
• the vagal nerve makes up most of the system

Question 7

difference between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system ?

Answer 7

ganglia is outside of the organs - sympathetic

ganglia is inside the target organ - parasympathetic

Question 8

what are the pre ganglionic fibres and post ganglionic fibres of the sympathetic nervous system?

Answer 8

SHORT pre-ganglionic fibres and

LONG post-ganglionic fibres

Question 9

what are the pre ganglionic fibres and post ganglionic fibres of the parasympathetic nervous system?

Answer 9

This gives rise to LONG pre-ganglionic fibres and

SHORT post-ganglionic fibres.

Question 10

what does the sympathetic nervous system consist of ?

Answer 10

• TWO sympathetic trunks
• Nerve plexuses.
• Subsidiary plexuses

Question 11

where does the sympathetic system innervate?

Answer 11

• eye
• glands and mucous membranes
• internal organs
• blood vessels

Question 12

where does the parasympathetic nervous system innervate?

Answer 12

• eyes
• glands
• internal organs
• NO innervation to adrenal (suprarenal) gland blood vessels, sweat glands and erector pili

( difference to sympathetic)

the few parasympathetic ally controlled blood vessels dilate

Question 13

what cranial nerves are associated with the parasympathetic nervous system ?

Answer 13

• ciliary iii oclumotor (in eye)
  (contracts)
• Viii facial
• ix glossopharyngeal
• X vagus

Question 14

what types of rami comminicantes are there?

Answer 14

• grey
• white

the grey one is closest to the spinal cord

Question 15

function of rami comminicantes?

Answer 15

Connect spinal nerves to sympathetic chain

Question 16

what is the white ramus associated with?

Answer 16

preganglionic axon of sympathetic neuron

Question 17

what is the grey ramus associated with?

Answer 17

sympathetic postganglionic axons to blood vessels, sweat glands and erector pili muscles