Lecture 8: Gastrointestinal Tract Blood Supply

Question 1

What supplies the foregut?
Midgut?
hindgut?

Answer 1

• celiac trunk (retroperitoneal)
• Superior mesenteric artery (intraperitoneal)
• Inferior mesenteric artery (retroperitoneal)

Question 2

Be able to label the branches of the abdominal aorta in the image

Answer 2

Ok

Question 3

What organs are found in the foregut?

Answer 3

Distal esophagus
Stomach
Duodenum
Liver
Gall bladder and cystic duct
Pancreas 
Spleen

Question 4

What are the branches of the celiac trunk?

Be able to label the branches on the image

Answer 4

Common hepatic a.
Left gastric a.
Splenic a.

Question 5

What organs does the common hepatic artery supply?

Answer 5

Liver
Gall bladder and bile duct
stomach
duodenum
pancreas

Question 6

What organs does the left gastric artery supply?

Answer 6

Distal esophagus

Lesser curvature of the stomach

Question 7

What organs does the splenic artery supply?

Answer 7

spleen
posterior stomach
greater curvature (via l. gastroepiploic a.)
fundus (via short gastric arteries)

Question 8

Be able to label the branches of the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries on the image

Answer 8

Ok

Question 9

What organs does the inferior pancreaticoduodenal a. supply?

Answer 9

Duodenum,

Pancreas

Question 10

What supplies the jejunum and ileum?

Answer 10

Multiple branches of jejunal and ileal as.

Question 11

What supplies the transverse colon?
What supplies the ascending colon?
What supplies the cecum?
What supplies the appendix?

Answer 11

Middle colic a., left colic a.
Right colic a., ileocolic a.
Ileocolic a.
Appendicular a.

Question 12

What supplies the descending colon?

What supplies the sigmoid colon?

Answer 12

left colic a.

sigmoid as.

Question 13

What is the significance of the marginal artery (of Drummond)?
What arteries contribute to this?

Answer 13

• arterial circle that has multiple anastomoses connecting SMA and IMA
• right colic a., left colic a., middle colic a. and sigmoid as.

Question 14

What vessels supply the rectum?

Answer 14

proximal portion: superior rectal a. (from IMA)
middle portion: Middle rectal a. (from internal iliac a. in pelvis)
distal portion: Inferior rectal a (from internal pudendal a.)

Question 15

What major vein system drains the GI tract?

Be able to label these veins in image

Answer 15

The hepatic portal system (GI to liver to IVC). Blood passes through liver so nutrients are absorbed and processed there

Question 16

What happens to the GI venous system if the liver is damaged?

Answer 16

-Blood has no effective path back to the heart (since liver is non-functional = damaged hepatic portal system) and has to find a different route

Question 17

What alternative routes does the venous return take in the case of liver damage?

Answer 17

from HPV….

L gastric V > esophageal v. (esophageal varices> rupture)
Paraumbilical V. > epigastric v.
IMV > superior rectal v. (hemorrhoids)
retroperitoneal vs (from descending colon)

….to iliac v. > IVC