Lecture 8 - Drugs to Treat High Blood Pressure pt 2 Flashcards
increased intracellular Ca++ is the main signal for ____. this can arise from ____, or activation of a ____
smooth muscle contraction, plasma membrane Ca++ channels, Gq-coupled cascade (alpha-1)
amlodipine
blocks voltage gated Ca++ channels and prevents smooth muscle contraction
a powerful regulatory system that controls blood volume, salt balance, and blood pressure
renin angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS)
enzyme secreted by the kidney that processes angiotensinogen to angiotensin one (ATI)
renin
an very important enzyme that converts ATI to ATII
angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)
powerful vasoactive peptide that causes vascular smooth muscle control and aldosterone release
angiotensin II (ATII)
a steroid hormone that promotes reabsorption of Na+ and H2O in the kidney (preserves blood volume and increases blood pressure)
aldosterone
what effect does activating the RAAS have on blood pressure?
increases blood pressure due to increased aldosterone production
the release of renin by the kidneys is stimulated by ___
beta-1 activation (Gs coupled pathway)
exists primarily as a membrane bound protein in the pulmonary capillary endothelium
angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)
the effects of ATII are primarily mediated by the ___
ATII type one receptor (called AT1 receptor)
AT1 receptors are coupled to what type of signalling cascade?
Gq
in the adrenal cortex, Ca++ signalling triggers the synthesis/release of ___
aldosterone
true or false: like many other hormones and neurotransmitters, aldosterone can be ‘pre-packaged’ for exocytosis
false, it is a steroid hormone so this is not possible
in vascular smooth muscle, AT1 receptors mediate ___
vasoconstriction
