Lecture 8 Disturbances in the transfer of nutrients

Question 1

A complication of poor nutrition in any age group is _

Answer 1

Skin breakdown.

Question 2

Which diseases might require the use of TPN and lipids?

Answer 2

Biliary atresia, diaphragmatic hernia, short gut syndrome.

Question 3

Organs involved in biliary atresia

Answer 3

The gallbladder and liver.

Question 4

Medications used to treat biliary atresia

Answer 4

1. Vitamins A, D, E, K.
2. Phenobarbital - side effect of promoting bile flow.
3. Ursodiol.

Question 5

Kasai procedure

Answer 5

Surgical treatment performed on infants with biliary atresia to allow for bile drainage.

Question 6

Possible sequelae of congenital diaphragmatic hernia

Answer 6

1. NEC (necrotizing enterocolitis).
2. SBS (short bowel syndrome).
3. Need for colostomy.

Question 7

Respiratory distress syndrome is a comorbidity associated with _

Answer 7

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

Question 8

Feedings for an infant with congenital diaphragmatic hernia will be delivered _

Answer 8

Intravenously (TPN).

Question 9

For a child with an umbilical hernia, it is important to assess and document whether it is _

Answer 9

“Easily reducible.”

Question 10

Hirschsprung’s disease - diagnosis

Answer 10

1. No meconium over 24 hours after birth.

2. Barium study of lower GI tract.

Question 11

Regarding cleft lip/palate, why is it important to have children chew, suck, and swallow?

Answer 11

To promote the development of muscles which are especially important for later development of speech.

Question 12

A priority after cleft lip/palate repair is _

Answer 12

Pain management, to promote oral nutrition and healing.

Question 13

Why is otitis media a common comorbidity with cleft lip/palate?

Answer 13

The Eustachian tube does not function properly, causing inefficient drainage of the middle ear, providing a medium for bacterial growth.

Question 14

After surgical repair of a tracheoesophageal fistula or esophageal atresia, a priority nursing intervention is the use of _

Answer 14

Pre-measured suction catheters for respiratory suctioning.

Question 15

“Currant jelly” stools (stool mixed with blood and mucus) are associated with _

Answer 15

Intussusception (folding of one intestinal section into another like a collapsible telescope).

Question 16

The primary assessment for distinguishing between organic and inorganic failure to thrive is _

Answer 16

Organic will involve an underlying pathophysiological condition; inorganic will frequently involve some sort of economic barrier.

Question 17

Before each enteral feeding, the nurse should check residual. When should the nurse hold a feeding and call the physician?

Answer 17

When the residual is 1/3 of the previous feeding.

Question 18

TPN that has a dextrose content greater than _ must go through a central line.

Answer 18

12.5%.

Question 19

Triad of manifestations of tracheoesophageal fistula or esophageal atresia

Answer 19

Coughing, choking, and cyanosis.