Lecture 6 Disturbances in regulatory function Flashcards
Type 1 diabetes mellitus
The primary form of diabetes in children; autoimmune in nature. ICA (Islet Cell Antibodies) - will be elevated, present in 70-85% of cases.
Environmental triggers: viral.
No insulin production.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Environmental triggers: Overweight/obesity.
Insulin resistance.
Treatment goals for diabetes
Achieve as near normal blood glucose level
While establishing and maintaining a diet sufficient for
healthy growth and development.
HBA1C goals
Toddlers and preschool: Below 8.5%
School age: Below 8%
Adolescents: Below 7.5%
Insulin to use in IV drips
Regular only
Insulin to use in an insulin pump
Rapid acting
First signs usually observed in ICP in infants
Irritability and poor feeding.
Cushing’s triad (late sign of ICP)
bradycardia, elevated BP, and abnormal respirations
Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt is used to treat _
Hydrocephalus
Children who have a VP shunt must go to the emergency room immediately for _
Any sign of an infection or any sign of ICP.
Spina bifida
Failure of Neural Tube to close during the 3rd and 4th week of gestation
Possible Contributing Factors: Maternal Malnutrition; Drugs (Valproic Acid); Radiation; Chemical Exposure; Genetic Mutation Involving Folate Pathways.
Surgery within 24 hours of birth
Myelomeningocele
when both CSF and part of the spinal chord protrude through the opening in the vertebrae
Spina bifida may be indicated prenatally by elevated _
Serum alpha fetaprotein.
The major complication after spina bifida is _
Neurogenic bladder (child will need in and out catheterization)
The CDC affirms that 50-70% of NTD
Can be avoided
By _
Giving Folic Acid 0.4mg/day
To all women of childbearing years.
