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Lboro - Physiology of Sports Performance > Lecture 8 - Concurrent Strength & Endurance Training > Flashcards

Lecture 8 - Concurrent Strength & Endurance Training Flashcards

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Sports Trivia flashcards
1
Q

What is the difference in levels of interference between elite vs untrained athletes ?

A

Untrained athletes who are just starting out dont really have any levels of interference but the elite athletes have higher levels

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2
Q

What is the physiological breakdown for endurance running performance ?

A
  • Vo2max,
  • %Vo2max at LT,
  • Economy
  • Velocity at LT
  • Maximum Velocity in distance races.
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3
Q

Within training programs what can be an issue with session type and positioning within the week ?

A

There can be interference between sessions. Causing a reduced adaption for one or both types of desired fitness.

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4
Q

How can endurance training be assisted by strength and sprint training ?

A

Strength and sprint training can enhance the neuromuscular capabilities and anaerobic capabilities which can have a favourable effect on running economy, max speed and anaerobic capacity, which can enhance endurance performance.

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5
Q

In youth athletes is there a benefit to economy when strength training is incorporated into a program and endurance training is reduced ?

A

Yes, 3.5% improvement vs a control group.

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6
Q

What are the technological factors that affect running economy?

A
  • Footwear
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7
Q

What are the five main theories of interference ?

A
  • Impaired force generation (residual fatigue)
  • Chronic (accumulated) fatigue
  • Inadequate glycogen availability (Food intake for session fueling)
  • Increased amino acid oxidation (Proteins being used as energy)
  • Molecular signalling interference by AMPK activating TSC2 which blocks MTOR. This effect can be unregulated for 6 plus hours.
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8
Q

What are the biomechanical factors that affect running economy?

A
  • Spatiotemporal
  • Kinematics - the motion of the object (How it moves)
  • Kinetics - the cause of motion dealing (Why it moves like that)
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9
Q

What factors determine the extend of interference ?

A
  • Volume
  • Intensity
  • Mode
  • Frequency,
  • Timing of endurance training
  • The dependent (strength) variable measured
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10
Q

Is a particular type of strength training that is best ?

A

No. Heavy, explosive and plyometric all offer benefits.

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11
Q

What are the effects of aerobic endurance training AND strength training on the opposing variable ?

A

Endurance training compromised the strength gains that can be made vs strength training alone.

Strength training augments and assists the endurance performance gains that can be made vs if you do not engage in strength training.

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12
Q

What are the 2013 ACSM recommendations for weekly cardio and resistance training ?

A
  • Cardio 3-5x weekly

- Resistance 2-3x Weekly

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13
Q

What are the physiological factors that affect running economy?

A

Cardio respiratory values
- VO2max, a-VO2 difference, lung O2 diffusion capacity.

Metabolic
- LT, Mitochondrial content (IMTG + Blood lipids), Mitochondrial efficiency / Oxidative enzyme activity.

Fibre phenotypes
- Type 1 Fibres more favorable.

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14
Q

What are the environmental factors that affect running economy?

A
  • Wind
  • Temp
  • Altitude
  • Surface properties
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15
Q

What is the Molecular pathway for strength and hypertrophy. ?

  • Stimulus
  • Signalling regulators
  • Secondary activator
  • Signalling pathway
  • Functional product
  • Outcome
A
  • Stimulus = Strength training
  • Signalling regulators = Tension, stretch, damage, androgens, (Mechanoreceptors)
  • Secondary activator = IGF-1
  • Signalling pathway = Pl-3K + mTOR
  • Functional product = Protein synthesis
  • Outcome = Hypertrophy
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16
Q

What are the morphological factors that affect running economy?

A
  • Tendon stiffness
  • Ankle and foot morphology
  • Limb lengths
  • Body and muscle stiffness
17
Q

What are the neuromuscular factors that affect running economy?

A
  • Motor unit activation
  • Flexibility
  • Reflexes
  • Pre and co-activation
18
Q

Is there a relationship between economy improvement and amount of strength training completed ?

A

Up to 14 weeks there is continual improvement in economy levels however there is a flattening of later on down the line, such as 20 weeks ect.

19
Q

What are the effects of 6- 14 weeks strength training on endurance runner for the following variables.

Economy
VO2max
Speed at VO2max
Speed at LT and LTP
Anaerobic qualities (Max speed, capacity)
Body mass
A
  • Economy - Improved
  • VO2max - No change
  • Speed at VO2max - No change
  • Speed at LT and LTP - No Change
  • Anaerobic qualities - Improved
  • Body mass - No change
20
Q

What is the Molecular pathway for endurance ?

  • Stimulus
  • Signalling regulators
  • Secondary activator
  • Signalling pathway
  • Functional product
  • Outcome
A
  • Stimulus = Endurance training
  • Signalling regulators = Energy depletion + Ca2+ homeostasis
  • Secondary activator = AMPK + Ca2CaM
  • Signalling pathway = PGCa
  • Functional product = Mitochondrial biogenisis
  • Outcome = Increased aerobic capacity
21
Q

What has been shown to be the effects on lower body strength, hypertrophy, power , VO2max and body fat after in groups completing strength alone, endurance alone and concurrent training ?

A

Lower body hypertrophy, strength and power were all raised to a greater degree in the strength group with a moderate change in the concurrent with little change in the endurance group.

Vo2max decreased in the strength group but increased more in the concurrent group compared to the endurance group.

Body fat reduced in all groups but the concurrent group had the biggest reduction.

22
Q

What are the 3 mechanisms of improved economy and performance (Important) ?

A
  • No change in kinematics (How it moves)
  • Increase in tendon stiffness (transmission of forces and storage-return of elastic energy)
  • Reduced muscle length change (higher vertical or leg stiffness) due to improved rate of force development
  • Reduction in the relative muscle activation required to sustain a sub-maximal intensity.

Lboro - Physiology of Sports Performance (19 decks)

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