Lecture 8 - Assessment of Function

Question 1

What is health?

Answer 1

A state of. complete physical, mental, and social well-being, and not merely the absence of diseases and infirmity

Question 2

International classification of functioning, disability, and health (ICF)

Answer 2

The ICF attempts to provide a meaningful description of the components of health and its relationship to a s person with the health condition

Question 3

Function

Answer 3

The construct of function encompasses all those tasks, activities, and roles that identify a person as an independent adult or as a child progressing toward adult independence

Question 4

Disability

Answer 4

Encompasses impairment in body functions and structures, activity limitations, and participation restrictions

Question 5

Body functions

Answer 5

Body functions are defined by the ICF as the physiological functions of body systems (Vision, motor coordination, bladder control)

Question 6

Body structures

Answer 6

Body structures are parts of the body such as organs, limbs, and their components
(joints, muscles, bones)

Question 7

Activity

Answer 7

ICF defines activity as the execution of a task or action by an individual (walking, running, opening a door, studying)

Question 8

Participation

Answer 8

Involvement in a life situation (taking part in a marathon, going to work, having dinner with your family)

Question 9

Contextual factors

Answer 9

considered as either barriers or facilitators to function from the perspective of individual whose situation is being described

Question 10

Contextual factors - environmental factors

Answer 10

External to the individual and can have a positive or negative influence on performance

Question 11

Contextual factors - personal factors

Answer 11

Features of the individual such as age, gender, and a race that are not part of a health condition or health state

Question 12

Activities of daily living (ADL)

Answer 12

Fundamental skills that are required to independently care for oneself
- ADL is used as an indicator of a person’s functional status

Question 13

Categories of ADLs

Answer 13

• Ambulating
• Feeding
• Dressing
• Personal hygiene
• Continence
• toileting

Question 14

Instrumental activities of daily living (IADL)

Answer 14

Activities that allow an individual to live independently in a community

Question 15

Categories of IADLs

Answer 15

• Transporting and shopping
• Managing finances
• Shopping and meal preparation
• Housecleaning and home maintenance
• Managing communication with others
  Managing medication

Question 16

Cognition

Answer 16

the act to process of knowing, including awareness, reasoning, judgment, intuition, and memory

Question 17

Clinical indicators of cognitive impairment

Answer 17

• Inability to do simple tasks independently or safely
• Difficulty in initiating or completing task
• difficulty in switching from one task to the next
• Diminished capacity to locate visually or to identify objects that seem obviously necessary for task completion

Question 18

Components of a Clinical Assessment of Cognition - 1. Orientation

Answer 18

procedure: patient is asked person, place and time
positive: unable to recall all information

Question 19

Components of a Clinical Assessment of Cognition - 2. Attention/Level of Alertness

Answer 19

Procedure: patient is asked to spell a simple word backward. Patient can be asked to repeat a string of integers forward and back
Positive: forward normal is 6 words, backwards normal is 4 words

Question 20

Components of a Clinical Assessment of Cognition - 3. Memory

Answer 20

Recent memory: ask a patient to recall 3 items after 3-5 minutes
Remote memory: ask a patient about a verifiable historical event

Question 21

Components of a Clinical Assessment of Cognition - 4. Apraxia

Answer 21

Procedure: examiner asks patient to perform complex task (use a pair of scissors to cut out an image)
Positive: unable to follow the motor command

Question 22

Short form (36) health survey

Answer 22

questionnaire is made up of 36 items that assess the following 8 HRQL dimensions or sub scales: physical functioning, role-physical, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, role-emotional, and mental health

Question 23

The barthel index

Answer 23

Is a sum score across ten domains of ADL’s - includes: feeding, transfer, grooming, toilet use, bathing, mobility, stair climbing, dressing, bowel function, and bladder function

Question 24

Functional independence measure (FIM)

Answer 24

Estimates the level of assistance needed for patients to complete ADLs

Question 25

Gait speed

Answer 25

Has been used a predictor of functional decline
- Time on takes to walk a specified distance on alveoli surface over a short distance ( 3-10 meters with 2 meters acceleration and 2 meters deceleration

Question 26

Timed-up and go (TUG)

Answer 26

the time taken to stand up from a standard arm chair (~46cm seat height, ~65cm arm height) walk a distance of 3m, turn around, walk back to the chair and sit down