Lecture 8- Assessing personality

Question 1

what is personality?

Answer 1

the combination of characteristics or qualities that form an individuals distinctive character.

Question 2

what are the 3 theories of personality?

Answer 2

psychodynamic
client-centred
behavioural and social cognitive leart

Question 3

Psychodynamic theory:

describe the ID

Answer 3

desires you possess. Works on the pleasure principle

Question 4

Psychodynamic theory:

Describe the Ego

Answer 4

reason and self-control

the rational part and decides when it is appropriate for the ID to satisfy its needs.

Question 5

Psychodynamic theory:

Describe the superego

Answer 5

the moral arm of the personality.
ideal of what people should be like
traditional values and ideals which tries to stop the id urges

Question 6

what is the client centred theory?

Answer 6

allows people to relax and get support and hence are more likely to get better

Question 7

what is the behavioural and social cognitive theory?

Answer 7

why do people do what they do?

Question 8

what principle did bandura came up with?

Answer 8

recipricol determinism

Question 9

explain Bandura’s principle of recipricol determinism

Answer 9

it is made up of 3 parts; behaviour, environmental factors and personal factors.
Behaviour is how things work with each other. Environmental factors involves the upbringing of the person and personal factors involve who the person is.

Question 10

what is CBT used for?

Answer 10

way of treating people by recognising irrational thoughts

Question 11

During CBT, what are the 2 processes that are working against each other

Answer 11

the schema (engraved way of thinking) and automatic thoughts (i can’t do this)

Question 12

what does catastrophic and absolustic thinking lead to?

Answer 12

distorted ways of looking at oneself and the environment

Question 13

what are 5 examples of common patterns of irrational thinking?

Answer 13

catastrophic thinking
absolustic thinking
emotional reasoning
mind reading
labelling

Question 14

common patterns of irrational thinking:

catastrophic thinking

Answer 14

extreme example of over generalisation, where the impact is amplified to extreme proportions

Question 15

common patterns of irrational thinking:

absolustic thinking

Answer 15

a division of complex outcomes into polarised extremes e.g. “i succeed at this or i’m a total failure.”

Question 16

common patterns of irrational thinking:

emotional reasoning

Answer 16

a conclusion is based on an emotional state e.g. “i feel this way, hence i am this way.”

Question 17

common patterns of irrational thinking:

mind reading

Answer 17

negative inferences about the thoughts, motives and intentions of another person

Question 18

common patterns of irrational thinking:

labelling

Answer 18

an undesirable characterisation of a person or event e.g. “because i was not selected, i am a failure”

Question 19

what are the 2 books for diagnosis?

Answer 19

DSM-5 and ICD-10

Question 20

what is a personality disorder?

Answer 20

an enduring pattern of inner experience and behaviour that…
deviates from cultural expectations
is pervasive and inflexible
has an onset from adolescence or early adulthood
is stable over time
leads to distress

Question 21

what are the 5 ideals needed for a personality disorder?

Answer 21

deviates from cultural expectations 
is pervasive and inflexible
has an onset from adolescence or early adulthood
is stable over time
leads to distress

Question 22

Cluster A:

Answer 22

paranoid
schizoid
schizotypal

Question 23

Cluster A:

paranoid

Answer 23

a pattern of distrust and suspiciousness such that others’ motivates are seen as malevolent

Question 24

Cluster A:

schizoid

Answer 24

a pattern of detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of emotional expression.

Question 25

Cluster A:

schizotypal

Answer 25

a pattern of acute discomfort in close relationships, cognitive or perceptual distortions and eccentricities in behaviour

Question 26

Cluster B:

Answer 26

antisocial
borderline
histrionic
narcissistic

Question 27

Cluster B:

antisocial

Answer 27

a pattern of disregard for, and violation, of, the rights of others

Question 28

Cluster B:

borderline

Answer 28

a pattern of instability in personal relationships, self-image, and affects, and marked impulsivity

Question 29

Cluster B:

histrionic

Answer 29

a pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking

Question 30

Cluster B:

narcissistic

Answer 30

a pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration and lack of empathy

Question 31

Cluster C:

Answer 31

avoidant
dependent
obsessive compulsive

Question 32

Cluster C:

avoidant

Answer 32

a pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation

Question 33

Cluster C:

dependent

Answer 33

a pattern of submissive or/and clinging behaviour related to an excessive need to be taken care of

Question 34

Cluster C:

obsessive- compulsive

Answer 34

a pattern of pre-occupation with orderliness, perfectionism and control

Question 35

what are 4 ways of doing personality testing?

Answer 35

structured clinical interviews
face-valid assessment
psychopath tests
projective personality assessment

Question 36

personality testing:

psychopath tests

Answer 36

answering questions in specific ways to these tests, can show unconscious issues

Question 37

personality testing

projective personality assessment, what are the 3 examples of these?

Answer 37

rorshach ink blot test
thematic apperception test
bender visual motor gesault test

Question 38

personality testing:
projective personality testing
thematic apperception test

Answer 38

shown a real life picture and asked how did they get there and what’s happened? Too many worrying responses shows an issue.

Question 39

personality testing:
projective personality testing
bender visual motor gesault test

Answer 39

the way people copy drawings can show issues