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FRM 184 > Lecture 8 > Flashcards

Lecture 8 Flashcards

Forest Land Use Change and Vulnerability Assessment

1
Q

The parable of the frog in the pot

A

The boiling frog is a parable describing a frog being slowly boiled alive. The premise is that if a frog is put suddenly into boiling water, it will jump out, but if the frog is put in lukewarm water which is then brought to a boil slowly, it will not perceive the danger and will be cooked to death.

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2
Q

Land Cover

A

Indicates the physical land type such as forest or grassland

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3
Q

Indicates the physical land type such as forest or grassland

A

Land Cover

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4
Q

Land Use

A

Shows how people are utilizing/exploiting the land

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5
Q

Shows how people are utilizing/exploiting the land

A

Land Use

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6
Q

Land cover determines the ___ that exists on site while land use defines its ___.

A

HAZARD

VULNERABILITY

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7
Q

Hazard

A

source of risk that does not necessarily imply potential for occurrence

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8
Q

source of risk that does not necessarily imply potential for occurrence

A

Hazard

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9
Q

Vulnerability

A

the degree to which a system is susceptible to or unable to cope with adverse effects of natural or man made

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10
Q

the degree to which a system is susceptible to or unable to cope with adverse effects of natural or man made

A

Vulnerability

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11
Q

Hazard (Havazard vs Risk)

A

the potential to cause harm.

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12
Q

the potential to cause harm.

A

Hazard (Havazard vs Risk)

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13
Q

Hazard 2 (Havazard vs Risk)

A

threatening event, or the probability of occurrence of a potentially damaging phenomenon, within a given time period and area that may cause loss of life or injury, property damage, social and economic disruption or environmental degradation or a combination of these.

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14
Q

threatening event, or the probability of occurrence of a potentially damaging phenomenon, within a given time period and area that may cause loss of life or injury, property damage, social and economic disruption or environmental degradation or a combination of these.

A

Hazard 2 (Havazard vs Risk)

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15
Q

Hazard 3 (Havazard vs Risk)

A

A dangerous phenomenon, substance, human activity or condition that may cause loss of life, injury or other health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihood and services, social and economic disruption, or environmental damage. (PDRRM Act)

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16
Q

A dangerous phenomenon, substance, human activity or condition that may cause loss of life, injury or other health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihood and services, social and economic disruption, or environmental damage. (PDRRM Act)

A

Hazard 3 (Havazard vs Risk)

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17
Q

Risk

A

The probability of harmful consequences, or expected losses (deaths, injuries, property, livelihoods, economic activity disrupted or environment damaged) resulting from interactions between natural or human induced hazards and vulnerable conditions

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18
Q

The probability of harmful consequences, or expected losses (deaths, injuries, property, livelihoods, economic activity disrupted or environment damaged) resulting from interactions between natural or human induced hazards and vulnerable conditions

A

Risk

19
Q

Risk 2

Conventionally risk is expressed by the notation

A

Risk = Hazards x Vulnerability

20
Q

= Hazards x Vulnerability

A

Risk 2

Conventionally risk is expressed by the notation

21
Q

Vulnerability Assessment

A

An approach in identifying and determining the degree to which a system is susceptible to or unable to cope with adverse effects of natural hazards such as soil erosion, flooding, landslides, pollution, forest/grass fires, etc. or manmade (anthropogenic) hazards.

22
Q

An approach in identifying and determining the degree to which a system is susceptible to or unable to cope with adverse effects of natural hazards such as soil erosion, flooding, landslides, pollution, forest/grass fires, etc. or manmade (anthropogenic) hazards.

A

Vulnerability Assessment

23
Q

Vulnerability Assessment (6)

A

GIS based assessment done to determine the area’s vulnerability to climate hazards.

The assessment is done by determining inherently sensitive areas due to topography and their exposure.

Vulnerability or hazard maps are prepared to show which areas in the watershed require immediate attention to minimize the adverse impacts of changing climate.

The assessment makes use of simulated hazard maps derived from overlay analyses associated with different variables based on the observed and projected climate scenarios.

The selection is founded on the understanding that the projected climatic changes in the area involve significant variations in the amount, and seasonal pattern of rainfall.

With shorter/ drier dry seasons and longer/ wetter wet seasons expected to become more prevalent, more frequent flood and drought events are expected to affect the local community’s activities.

24
Q

Vulnerability

A

Degree to which a system is susceptible to, and unable to cope with adverse effects of climate change.

25
Q

Degree to which a system is susceptible to, and unable to cope with adverse effects of climate change.

A

Vulnerability

26
Q

Vulnerability 2

A

is a function of exposure to climate stresses, sensitivity and adaptive capacity

27
Q

is a function of exposure to climate stresses, sensitivity and adaptive capacity

A

Vulnerability 2

28
Q

Vulnerability is a function of: (3)

A

degree of EXPOSURE of the system to climatic hazards.

SENSITIVITY of a system to changes in climate (the degree to which a system will respond to a given change in climate, including beneficial and harmful effects)

ADAPTIVE CAPACITY (the degree to which adjustments in practices, processes, or structures can moderate or offset the potential for damage or take advantage of opportunities created by a given change in climate).

29
Q

ADAPTIVE CAPACITY

A

the degree to which adjustments in practices, processes, or structures can moderate or offset the potential for damage or take advantage of opportunities created by a given change in climate

30
Q

the degree to which adjustments in practices, processes, or structures can moderate or offset the potential for damage or take advantage of opportunities created by a given change in climate

A

ADAPTIVE CAPACITY

31
Q

Exposure

A

the contact between a system, or system component, and a perturbation or stress.

32
Q

the contact between a system, or system component, and a perturbation or stress.

A

Exposure

33
Q

Exposure 2

A

Exposure is a function of both the magnitude and scope of the perturbation, and of the system with which it comes into contact (e.g., its location).

34
Q

Exposure is a function of both the magnitude and scope of the perturbation, and of the system with which it comes into contact (e.g., its location).

A

Exposure 2

35
Q

Sensitivity

A

Degree to which a system can be affected, negatively or positively, by changes in climate.

36
Q

Degree to which a system can be affected, negatively or positively, by changes in climate.

A

Sensitivity

37
Q

Adaptive Capacity

A

Ability to adjust to climate change to moderate damage, take advantage of opportunities or cope with consequences.

38
Q

Ability to adjust to climate change to moderate damage, take advantage of opportunities or cope with consequences.

A

Adaptive Capacity

39
Q

Adaptive Capacity 2

A

Function of the relative level of a society’s economic resources, access to technology, access to climate information, skills to make use of the information, institutions and equitable distribution of resources.

40
Q

Function of the relative level of a society’s economic resources, access to technology, access to climate information, skills to make use of the information, institutions and equitable distribution of resources.

A

Adaptive Capacity 2

41
Q

Vulnerability Assessment

Based on Global Climate Model (GCM):

A

CNCM3 Model

Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 3 Model

42
Q

Vulnerability Assessment

Scenario

A

2 Scenarios (A1B and A2 Scenarios)

43
Q

Vulnerability Assessment

Period:

A

Observed, 2020s and 2050s

FRM 184 (11 decks)

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