Lecture 70 - Limbic System Flashcards
Of Intermediate Memory, Working Memory, and Long-term Memory, what are the relative time frames they exist for?
Intermediate –> fractions of a second to seconds
Working –> Seconds to minutes
Long-term –> days to years
Is Declarative or Non-declarative memory available to consciousness?
Declarative is avaiable to consciousness (so history, words and their meanings, etc…)
Non-declarative includes things like motor skills, associations, priming cues, problem solving skills
Structures involved in Declarative STM:
_______ and related structures.
Structures involved in Non-declarative STM:
Presumably ________.
Hippocampus and related structures
Presumably Widespread
Structures involved in Declarative LTM:
A variety of _______ sites, including _______ area for meaning of words, ______ cortex for the memories of Objects and Faces.
Structures involved in Non-declarative LTM:
Cerebellum, ______ ganglia, _______ cortex, and others related to motor behavior.
Cortical sites
Wernicke’s
Temporal cortex
Cerebellum, Basal ganglia, Premotor cortex, and others related to motor behavior
Hippocampal Inputs come from the _____ cortex.
The intrinsic Hippocampal pathway involves the ______ Fibers of the CA4 region and _____ Gyrus, the _______ neurons in the CA1-3 areas, and the Schaffer collaterals.
Hippocampal outputs move through the ______.
Entorhinal cortex
Mossy fibers
Pyramidal neurons
Fornix
Papez Circuit (Involved more with memory than emotion)
________ –> _______ –> ________ bodies –> Anterior _______ –> _______ gyrus –> ________ cortex –> _________
Hippocampus –> Fornix –> Anterior Thalamus –> Cingulate Gyrus –> Entorhinal cortex –> Hippocampus
What do the following Amygdala nuclei control?
Central Nuclei –>
Basolateral Nuclei –>
Cortical Nuclei –>
Central nuclei –> Mediate emotional response and projects to Autonomic centers
Basolateral Nuclei –> Attach emotional significance to stimuli (Basolateral –> “bastes stimuli with emotion”)
Cortical Nuclei –> Olfactory perception
Amygdala Basolateral Nuclei:
Inputs –> ______-______ sensory cortex, _______ cortex, and _______ cortex.
Outputs –> ______ association cortex, ______ cortex, Hippocampus, thalamus, and basal nucleus.
Remember, the Basolateral nuclei link _______ to stimuli.
Inputs –> Higher-order Sensory cortex, Association cortex, and Insular cortex
Outputs –> Limbic association cortex, prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, thalamus, and Basal nucleus
Emotions to stimuli
Kluver-Bucy Syndrome is a lesion in the _____ Temporal lobe ______ (unilaterally or bilaterally?) that involves the Amygdala. Look for patients to present with Tameness, Lack of ______ and other emotional reactions, and 4 “HYPERs.” What are the 4 hypers?
Medial Temporal lobe
Bilaterally
Tameness, Lack of Fear and other emotioal responses, Hypersexuality, Hyperorality, Hyperphagia, and Hypermetamorphosis (iresistable impulse to notice and react to everything within sight).
Defensive Rage behavior is controlled by the Medial _______ to the _______ Grey area. It is facilitated by the _______ Amygdala via ______ __ and is inhibited by the _______ Amygdala via use of ______.
Medial Hypithalamus
Periaqueductal Grey area
Medial Amygdala
Central Amygdala
Opioids
The ______ Amygdala is involved in the ______ fear response and Addiction.
It receives input from the Nucleus ________ and _______ nucleus.
Its Outputs include the _______ ______ nucleus of the Vagus and Lateral _______.
Central Amygdala
Conditioned Fear response and Addiction
Inputs –> Nucleus Solitarius and Parabrachial Nucleus
Outputs –> Dorsal Motor Nucleus of the Vagus and Lateral Hypothalamus
Which other Amygdala nucleus would also be involved in a conditioned fear response, given that this nucleus is responsible for attaching emotion to stimuli?
Basolateral Nucleus of Amygdala
