Lecture 7-Metabolism and Energy

Question 1

what is metabolism

Answer 1

all of an organisms/cell’s chemical reactions, managing the materials and energy resources of the cell

Question 2

anabolism

Answer 2

rxns that require energy to build the cell

Question 3

catabolism

Answer 3

rxns that release energy from nutrient breakdown

Question 4

what is energy

Answer 4

capacity to cause change or do work

Question 5

potential energy

Answer 5

energy stored due to position or composition

Question 6

kinetic energy

Answer 6

energy due to movement

Question 7

first law of thermodynamics

Answer 7

energy cannot be created nor destroyed only converted from one form to another

Question 8

second law of thermodynamics

Answer 8

entropy of the universe is always increasing

Question 9

entropy

Answer 9

measure of randomness/disorder of a system

Question 10

_____ is the most disordered of energy therefore a rxn is _______ if disorder of a universe increases

Answer 10

heat;spontaneous

Question 11

exergonic

Answer 11

reactants over products
-negative G change
-spontaneous
-thermodynamically favourable
-energy released

Question 12

endergonic

Answer 12

products over reactant
-positive G change
-nonspontaneous
-thermodynamically unfavorable
-energy requiring

Question 13

energy coupling

Answer 13

energy from exergonic rxns power endergonic rxns

Question 14

ATP hydrolysis

Answer 14

releases energy
-powers endergonic rxns

Question 15

enzymes

Answer 15

catalysts that provide an alternate energy path for a rxn to proceed with a lower activation energy
-highly regulated
-not consumed by rxn

Question 16

how enzymes work

Answer 16

bind and act on substrates via active site

Question 17

enzymes lower the activation energy of a reaction by
1. bring reactants ______
2. active site contains ________________favourable for rxn
3. physically stress bonds to be ________
4. covalently stabalize rxn intermediate
5. place substrates in ________

Answer 17

1. closer together
2. chemical environment favourable for rxn
3. broken
4. covalently stabalize rxn intermediate
5. correct orientation

Question 18

competitive enxyme inhibitors

Answer 18

binds to active site but does not participate in rxn

Question 19

noncompetitive inhibitors

Answer 19

binds to a site on enzyme that is not an acitve site and block enzyme activity