Lecture 7 - Intro To Archaeology Flashcards
What was the focus of archaeology in the Olden Days?
The focus was on wealthy patrons who wanted to show off or had a basic interest, often centered around ‘sexy’ or well-known sites.
What are the key components of archaeology in the field today?
- Research Design: Research questions, sampling, analysis. 2. Survey: Surface methods, subsurface testing, mapping, technology.
What is the Chain of Data Reduction?
- All human behavior that ever happened in the past. 2. All material remains. 3. All the remains that survive transformational processes. 4. All the remains that are possible to locate.
What archaeological evidence is sought to determine when agriculture began?
Look for archaeological evidence in tools.
What evidence is sought to determine when people started settling down?
Look for evidence from the transition from hunter-gatherer camps to villages.
What is the first step in starting an archaeology project?
Research Design: A step-by-step plan to assess research questions, including assessment of previous knowledge.
What is the Data Universe in archaeology?
The area and time frame from which the data will be collected, including specific locations or regions, time period, and kinds of archaeological data.
What are some funding sources for archaeology in Canada?
- Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada. 2. Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. 3. Indigenous communities.
What are some funding sources for archaeology in the US?
- National Science Foundation. 2. Many other agencies (e.g., National Geographic).
What does a good research design establish?
It establishes the questions you will investigate, makes the project fundable, and guides what kind of data you will collect in the field.
Where are archaeological sites typically located?
Some sites are obvious, like the pyramids of Giza, but many are underground and can be found everywhere.
What is a General Reconnaissance Survey?
A systematic attempt to locate, identify, and record the distribution of archaeological sites, including geographic and environmental background.
What are some examples of Ground Surveys?
- Geomorphology. 2. Landforms. 3. Hydrology. 4. Forest types. 5. Resources. 6. Indigenous traditional knowledge. 7. Previous archaeological work. 8. Historic documentation. 9. Other local knowledge.
What are conspicuous sites in archaeology?
Obvious sites that include artifacts, land formations, and other obvious signs.
What is coring in archaeology?
A method that uses a core device to pound into the ground to find subsurface materials.
