Lecture 7: Haematology of Other Diseases Flashcards
What is the most common haematological manifestation of malignancy?
Anaemia, as there is an inhibition of erythropoiesis due to inflammation in the bone marrow, this can involve TNF and IL-1.
What is erythropoietin?
A hormone that regulates the production of red blood cells, low levels resulting in anaemia.
What are two examples of treatments given that could be nephrotoxic?
Cisplatin, a chemotherapy drug that binds to guanine and forms cross-links. And aminoglycosides such as gentamicin.
What are some of the reasons for erythropoietin levels being low?
Renal involvement of a tumour, or nephrotoxic chemotherapy.
What is warm-antibody autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (WAIHA)?
What is cold-antibody autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (CAIHA)?
How can antibody-mediated autoimmune haemolytic anaemia be tested for?
By using the Coombs test (Direct antiglobulin test). Where an anti-IgG immunoglobulin is added that, should IgG be bound to erythrocytes, will agglutinate RBCs.
What is microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia (MAHA)?
A form of anaemia that results from
What kind of cancer is the cause for around 33% of all MAHA cases?
How would a tumour affect the development of MAHA?
What is red cell aplasia? What is a common cause behind it?
What condition can develop from having a thymoma?
Where is the main site of thrombopoietin production?
The liver.
What does thrombopoietin do?
It will stimulate the differentiation of megakaryocyte precursors.
What is the progression of liver damage in alcohol abuse?
Chronic alcohol abuse will result in steatosis in 90% of patients.
Continued abuse can result in fibrosis in around 20-40% of these patients.
8-20% of these patients will develop cirrhosis.
Continued alcohol abuse can result in hepatocellular carcinoma in 3-10% of patients.
