Lecture 3: Myelodysplastic Syndromes and Myeloproliferative Disorders Flashcards
What is myelodysplastic syndrome?
A heterogenous group of diseases, historically viewed as pre-leukaemia.
Characterised by marrow hyperplasia and impaired haematopoiesis, resulting in peripheral cytopenia.
Why does MDS result in cytopenia? (2 Points)
Because of hyperplasia the marrow becomes overcrowded, and thus can interrupt the usual maturation of healthy haematopoietic cells.
Due to the dysplasia seen in this condition, many of the produced cells will either have reduced lifespans/undergo apoptosis.
What causes MDS?
Chromosomal abnormalities.
What is the most common age group for an MDS diagnosis?
What is the percentage of MDS cases contributed by this group?
People aged above 60 years of age.
Presenting with 90% of all MDS cases.
How is MDS classified?
It is classified using the FAB system.
What do MDS patients usually present with? What percent will experience these symptoms?
90% of patients will exhibit an anaemia.
50% of patients will display pancytopenia to a certain degree.
A key indicator of MDS is a refractory anaemia or pancytopenia.
What % of MDS cases are classed as refractory anaemia?
What is refractory anaemia?
What is refractory anaemia with ringed sideroblasts (RARS)?
What % of MDS cases are classed as RARS?
What is refractory anaemia with excess blasts?
What is the difference between Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukaemia and Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia?
Chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia does not have the philadelphia chromosome.
What difference is there between the FAB system and WHO in the classification of chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia?
What role does
What is lenalidomide?
