Lecture 7: DR

Question 1

What is DR?

Answer 1

Reduced food intake without starvation

Question 2

How are effects of DR measured?

Answer 2

Survival analysis

Analysis of health and function eg. reproduction

Question 3

What DR effects are found in humans?

Answer 3

Beneficial against obesity, diabetes, insulin resistance and inflammation
Infertility, sarcopenia

Question 4

What is evidence fo the ISS/TOR pathway mediating the lifespan effects of DR?

Answer 4

The lifespan of TOR mutants in flies and worms cannot be extended further by DR.

Deletion of DILPs or ablation of IPCs (ie reduced IIS) in flies protects them from the effects of high yeast intake.

Overexpression of FOXO in flies produced an altered response to DR.

The median lifespan of Growth Hormone Receptor KO (GHRKO) mice is not extended further by DR.

Question 5

What is AMPK?

Answer 5

Checkpoint to ensure energy balance in both cells and organisms
It is involved in the stress response which links the ISS and TOR pathways

Question 6

When has AMPK activated lifespan?

Answer 6

Increasing expression of aak-2 in C. elegans increases lifespan by 13% and mimics DR in well-fed animals
Overexpression of the single Drosophila AMPK-a subunit in either muscle or the fat body extends lifespan in the fruit fly

Question 7

What is a pharmacological activator of sirtuins?

Answer 7

Resveratrol

Question 8

What does resvererol do?

Answer 8

Mimics DR