Lecture 7: Cell & Molecular Biology of the Nervous System I Flashcards
extra-pyramidal system
- neural network that is part of motor system
- causes involuntary reflexes and movement, and modulation of movement
- from upper motor neurons in brain stem to lower motor neurons in spinal cord or brain stem
SAME DAVE
Sensory afferent
Motor efferent
Dorsal afferent
Ventral efferent
What are the 2 main sensory tracts?
- spinothalamic: from spinal cord to thalamus to cerebral cortex
- carries info about pain, touch, temperature, and itch
- spinocerebellar: from spinal cord to cerebellum
- carries proprioception info
Cells are formed from what 3 major components?
- water
- inorganic ions
- organic compounds
What is the most abundant molecule in the cell?
water
What does hydration mean in the context of ions and proteins?
completely surrounded by a “shell” of water molecules
What are the 4 main building blocks (subunits) of molecules within cells and what larger units (macromolecules/polymers) do they form in cells?
- sugars => polysaccharides
- fatty acids => fats, lipids, membranes
- amino acids => proteins
- nucleotides => nucleic acids
What are the 7 most abundant biological ions found in cells?
- K
- Na
- Mg
- Ca
- Cl
- HCO3
- SO4
- HPO4
What are the main organic ions?
- carbonate (CO3)
- bicarbonate (HCO3)
- acetate (C2H3O2)
How is blood different from CSF?
- cellular components in blood
- blood has much more proteins than CSF
covalent bond
- sharing of electrons
- strongest bond
noncovalent bond
4 types:
- ionic
- hydrogen
- Van der Waals
- hydrophobic
Why are noncovalent bonds important?
??? hold together proteins and dna ???
catabolism
- food molecules (proteins, aa, sugars, carbs, fats, and lipids) get degraded into the many building blocks for biosynthesis
- exergonic
anabolism
- the many building blocks for biosynthesis get assembled to synthesize the many molecules that form the cell
- endergonic
