lecture 7 arthropoda ii insect diversity Flashcards
what does the subphylum hexapoda mean in latin mean
hexa = 6 poda = feet
the most diverse living group is
hexapods
why are insects so successful
great adptabiltity small body size land adapted exoskeleton flight sensorial organs high fecundicity
what is fecundicity
the ability to produce an abundance of offspring or new growth
hexapoda body plan
head
thorax
abdomen
whats in a hexapods head
i pair of antenna
1 pair of compound eyes
whats in a hexapods abdomen
digestive system
stigmata and trachea
sexual organs
whats in a hexapods thorax
3 pairs of legs
2 pairs of wings
chewing mouths in
grasshopper dragonfly beetle
herbivorus
predators
scavangers
piercing sucking
plant hoppers
true bugs mosquitos
plant suckers
blood suckers
sucking
butterflies
moths
nectar feeders
sponging sucking
flies
fluid and sloid dissolved food eater
cutting sucking
horseflies
blood feeders
chewing lapping
bees
bumblebees
nectar & pollen feeders
what are the types of wings
membranous tegma elytra halter hemielytra wings covered with small scales
what are elytra
first pair wings hard and cover other pair
what are the halters
second pair of wings modified into a stalk with a knob for steering
what is the tegma
first pair of wings sclerotised
hemielytra
half the wing leathery and the other half membraneous
what twp muscles control flight
ventrical and longnitudinal
how do hexapods reproduce
internal fertilisation
sexual dimorphism
courtship and nuptial gifts
what are the three types of life cycle
no metamorphosis
incomplete metamorphosis
complete metamorphosis
what is no metamorphosis
many moults including as adults
what is incomplete metamorphosis
(hemimetabolism) – typically 5 moults, becoming more adult-like each time
what is complete metamorphosis
(holometabolism) – ecological diversity within a species may be beneficial
what are some social insects
termites
ants
bees
what are some different castes
1 queen
1 king
several workers and soldiers
which castes reproduce
queen only and males with wings
what organs do workers & soldiers
no wings and no sexual organs
what ecological services do hexapods do
polliation
pest control
nutrient recycling
what ecological disservices do hexapods carry out
crop pests
livestock ectoparasites
disease vectors
what does the order collembola mean in latin
colle = glue embola = peg
what are some features of collembola
springtails
small (6mm)
adults wingless
what is the abdominal furcula
a jumping organ in collembola
where do collembola live
soil leaf litter and rotten
what do collembola feed on
decaying plant material and fungi
what does the order ephemeroptera mean in latin
ephemero = short lived ptera = wings
what are ephemeroptera
mayflies
adults with membranous wings
aquatic nymphs
adults don;t feed and have short life
order odonta in latin
odon = tooth
who are the odontates
damselflies and dragonflies
nymphs and adult carnivorous
what are the orders plecoptera and trichoptea
stoneflies and caddisflies
hairy wings
what are the orders blattodea, mantodea and phasmatodea
cockroaches (omnivours)
mantids (carnivourous)
stickinsects (herbivores
what does order orthoptera mean in latin
straight
what are the orthoptera
grasshoppers, locusts, bush crickets, herbivorus
what are the order anoplura and siphonaptera
lices and fleas
what does order hemiptera mean
Hemi = half, ptera = wings`
who are the hemiptera
true bugs
plant hoppers
aphids
what does the order coleoptera mean
Coleo = case, ptera = wings
beetles
what does the order diptera mean in latin
two wings (one pair) all true flies and mosqitoes
order lepidoptera in latin
lepido scale
ptera wings
butterflys and moths
what does the order hymenoptera mean in latin
hymeno = membrane
who are the hymenoptera
wasps, bees, bumble bees
