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LEC 142 zoology > lecture 7 arthropoda ii insect diversity > Flashcards

lecture 7 arthropoda ii insect diversity Flashcards

1
Q

what does the subphylum hexapoda mean in latin mean

A 
hexa = 6 
poda = feet
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2
Q

the most diverse living group is

A

hexapods

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3
Q

why are insects so successful

A 
great adptabiltity
small body size
land adapted exoskeleton
flight
sensorial organs
high fecundicity
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4
Q

what is fecundicity

A

the ability to produce an abundance of offspring or new growth

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5
Q

hexapoda body plan

A

head
thorax
abdomen

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6
Q

whats in a hexapods head

A

i pair of antenna

1 pair of compound eyes

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7
Q

whats in a hexapods abdomen

A

digestive system
stigmata and trachea
sexual organs

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8
Q

whats in a hexapods thorax

A

3 pairs of legs

2 pairs of wings

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9
Q

chewing mouths in

A

grasshopper dragonfly beetle

herbivorus
predators
scavangers

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10
Q

piercing sucking

A

plant hoppers
true bugs mosquitos

plant suckers
blood suckers

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11
Q

sucking

A

butterflies
moths

nectar feeders

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12
Q

sponging sucking

A

flies

fluid and sloid dissolved food eater

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13
Q

cutting sucking

A

horseflies

blood feeders

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14
Q

chewing lapping

A

bees
bumblebees

nectar & pollen feeders

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15
Q

what are the types of wings

A 
membranous
tegma
elytra
halter
hemielytra
wings covered with small scales
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16
Q

what are elytra

A

first pair wings hard and cover other pair

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17
Q

what are the halters

A

second pair of wings modified into a stalk with a knob for steering

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18
Q

what is the tegma

A

first pair of wings sclerotised

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19
Q

hemielytra

A

half the wing leathery and the other half membraneous

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20
Q

what twp muscles control flight

A

ventrical and longnitudinal

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21
Q

how do hexapods reproduce

A

internal fertilisation
sexual dimorphism
courtship and nuptial gifts

22
Q

what are the three types of life cycle

A

no metamorphosis
incomplete metamorphosis
complete metamorphosis

23
Q

what is no metamorphosis

A

many moults including as adults

24
Q

what is incomplete metamorphosis

A

(hemimetabolism) – typically 5 moults, becoming more adult-like each time

25
Q

what is complete metamorphosis

A

(holometabolism) – ecological diversity within a species may be beneficial

26
Q

what are some social insects

A

termites
ants
bees

27
Q

what are some different castes

A

1 queen
1 king
several workers and soldiers

28
Q

which castes reproduce

A

queen only and males with wings

29
Q

what organs do workers & soldiers

A

no wings and no sexual organs

30
Q

what ecological services do hexapods do

A

polliation
pest control
nutrient recycling

31
Q

what ecological disservices do hexapods carry out

A

crop pests
livestock ectoparasites
disease vectors

32
Q

what does the order collembola mean in latin

A 
colle = glue
embola = peg
33
Q

what are some features of collembola

A

springtails
small (6mm)
adults wingless

34
Q

what is the abdominal furcula

A

a jumping organ in collembola

35
Q

where do collembola live

A

soil leaf litter and rotten

36
Q

what do collembola feed on

A

decaying plant material and fungi

37
Q

what does the order ephemeroptera mean in latin

A 
ephemero = short lived
ptera = wings
38
Q

what are ephemeroptera

A

mayflies
adults with membranous wings
aquatic nymphs
adults don;t feed and have short life

39
Q

order odonta in latin

A

odon = tooth

40
Q

who are the odontates

A

damselflies and dragonflies

nymphs and adult carnivorous

41
Q

what are the orders plecoptera and trichoptea

A

stoneflies and caddisflies

hairy wings

42
Q

what are the orders blattodea, mantodea and phasmatodea

A

cockroaches (omnivours)
mantids (carnivourous)
stickinsects (herbivores

43
Q

what does order orthoptera mean in latin

A

straight

44
Q

what are the orthoptera

A

grasshoppers, locusts, bush crickets, herbivorus

45
Q

what are the order anoplura and siphonaptera

A

lices and fleas

46
Q

what does order hemiptera mean

A

Hemi = half, ptera = wings`

47
Q

who are the hemiptera

A

true bugs
plant hoppers
aphids

48
Q

what does the order coleoptera mean

A

Coleo = case, ptera = wings

beetles

49
Q

what does the order diptera mean in latin

A 
two wings (one pair)
all true flies and mosqitoes
50
Q

order lepidoptera in latin

A

lepido scale
ptera wings
butterflys and moths

51
Q

what does the order hymenoptera mean in latin

A

hymeno = membrane

52
Q

who are the hymenoptera

A

wasps, bees, bumble bees

LEC 142 zoology (7 decks)

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