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LEC 142 zoology > lecture 4 invertebrates (non-arthropods): molluscs & annelids > Flashcards

lecture 4 invertebrates (non-arthropods): molluscs & annelids Flashcards

1
Q

what does the phylum mollusca mean in latin

A

soft

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2
Q

examples of species in the mollusca

A

snails clams octopussies

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3
Q

mollusca symmetry type

A

bilateral

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4
Q

mollusca (a)coelomates?

A

coelomates

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5
Q

four types of mollusc body plans

A

gastropods, cephalopods, bivalves chitons

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6
Q

what does the class bivalvia mean in latin

A 
bi = 2
valvia = valve
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7
Q

what are bivalves

A

Aquatic animals with two shell valves (bi-lateral symmetry)

Mostly sedentary or burrowing

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8
Q

bivalve adaptations

A

greatly expanded gills for filter feeding and respiration

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9
Q

bivalve sex

A

Separate sexes, fertilisation is external & free-swimming larva

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10
Q

what does the class gastropoda mean in latin

A 
gastro = stomach
poda = feet
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11
Q

where do gastropods live

A

terrestrial and aquatic

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12
Q

gastropod adaptations

A

Head well developed for finding food; eyes, tentacles etc.
Asymmetrical body due to shell coiling & torsion
some have lost or reduced shell

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13
Q

what is torsion

A

twisting of the body in relation to head & foot brings the anus above the head

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14
Q

what type of eaters are gastropods

A

Herbivorous, carnivorous or scavengers

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15
Q

what are gastropods, sexually?

A

seperate sexes OR hermaphrodites

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16
Q

how do snails mate

A

Elaborate and slow mating ritual
exchange sperm and a ‘love dart’ – mucus covered calcareous dart
they have their genitals near their heads

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17
Q

what does the class cephalopoda mean in latin

A

cephalo head

poda feet

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18
Q

what type of animal are cephalopods

A

Marine predators

Integral head & foot; tentacles, usually with suckers

19
Q

whats special about the shell of cephalopods

A

Shell usually internal; “cuttlebone” of Sepia provides support & bouyancy

20
Q

how are squids(cephalopods) adapted for fast swimming

A

Squids have elongated body, fins & ”jet propulsion” for fast swimming

21
Q

cephalopods wheres the brain and whats special about it

A

in the braincase

highly developed and sophisticated behavior

22
Q

cephalopods sex

A

seperate sexes with courtship displays

23
Q

what does sthe phylum annelida mean in latin

A

annel = ringed

24
Q

what kinda species are annelids

A

Fan worms, bristle worms, earthworms & leeches

25
Q

annelids, what are they like?

A

Bilateral symmetry and segmented body

Body covered with chaetae (bristles used for movement)

26
Q

annelids (a)coelomates?

A

coelomates

27
Q

coelomate advantages

A

hydrostatic skeleton

transport of excretory and sexual products

28
Q

annelids have metameric segmentation, what is this

A

allow independent movement of different portions of muscles.

29
Q

where do annelids live

A

Marine, fresh water and terrestrial species.

30
Q

how do annelids reproduce

A

sexual and asexual reproduction

31
Q

what are the three classes of annelids

A

polychaeta
oligochaeta
hirudinea

32
Q

what does the class polychaeta mean in latin

A

many bristles

33
Q

what are polychaetes and examples

A

Marine annelids
Mobile and sedentary species

fan worm
bristleworm
lugworm

34
Q

what are the oligochaetes and examples

A

terrestrial and aquatic annelids
Few bristles
earthworms
sludgeworms

35
Q

what is a hirudineate

A

Ectoparasites or predators
Few bristles
Some blood suckers
eg leeches

36
Q

what clades has new genetic evidence brought

A

errantia

sedentaria

37
Q

what are the errantia

A

mobile marine predators

that craw or burrow on the seafloor

38
Q

what are the sedentaria

A

marine sedentary worms

earthworms leeches

39
Q

what does errantia mean in latin

A

errant = travelling

40
Q

what are some morphological features of errants

A

Well defined head with eyes and jaws

Each body segment with prominent parapodia

41
Q

how do errants reproduce

A

Sexual reproduction with separate sexes

42
Q

sexes in sedents

A

hermaphrodites

43
Q

what is metameric segmentation

A

The repetition of organs and tissues at intervals along the body of an animal, thus dividing the body into a linear series of similar parts or segments

LEC 142 zoology (7 decks)

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