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LEC 142 zoology > lecture 6 arthropoda 1: gen characteristics, crustatceans, millipedes, centipedes, spiders > Flashcards

lecture 6 arthropoda 1: gen characteristics, crustatceans, millipedes, centipedes, spiders Flashcards

1
Q

what does the phylum arthropoda mean in latin

A 
arthro = joint
poda = feet
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2
Q

what kind of symmetry do arthropods have

A

bilateral

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3
Q

what kind of coelomates are arthropods

A

coelomates

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4
Q

what kind of skeleton do arthropods have

A

exoskeleton

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5
Q

what are arthropods skeletons made of

A

chitin and proteins

segregated by the epidermis

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6
Q

benefits of the exoskeleton

A

protects you and prevents water loss
independence from environment
more efficient locomotion

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7
Q

drawbacks of an exoskeleton

A

its makes it difficult to grow and gas exchange difficult.

limited movement

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8
Q

four stages of moulting

A

intermoult
premoult
moult
post moult

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9
Q

how does moulting happen

A

first the skeleton seperates from the cells, then a new cuticle forms
new skin has room for expansion

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10
Q

what type of body do arthropods have

A

segmented

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11
Q

what kind of legs do arthropods have

A

paired, jointed appendages

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12
Q

what are the parts of the body

A

head
thorax
abdoment

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13
Q

what does the thorax carry

A

the legs

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14
Q

whats in the abdomen

A

most of the internal organs

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15
Q

how do small arthropods have gas exchange

A

through the skin, restricted to damp areas

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16
Q

how do aquatic crustations have gas exchange

A

gills Blood to supply to filaments O2 diffise from water to blood

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17
Q

how do terrestrial scorpions & spiders have gas exchance

A

book lungs In terrestrial need to take O2 from air – 2 solutions – book lung – big spiders and scorpions is inside the body air flows in through a pair of holes on the abdomen and diffuses across membranes in these plaques.

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18
Q

how do terrestrial insects and millipedes have gas exchange

A

tracheae
Many insects, small spiders (can have both) and millipedes – system of tubes getting narrower and narrower as get deeper in the body – tubes also contain fluid O2 diffuses, but no blood – tiny tubes go right into the muscles and organs.

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19
Q

what do mechanoreceptors sense

A

touch and vibrations

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20
Q

what do chemo receptors sense

A

smell and taste

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21
Q

what do photoreceptors sense

ocelli & compound eyes

A

light

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22
Q

what kind of eyes do spiders have

A

simple eyes with a single lense but up to 8

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23
Q

what type of sexual reproduction do arthropods have

A

sexual reproduction with seperate sexes
external (horseshoe crab)
internal

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24
Q

how do horseshoe crabs mate

A

female lays in hole on beach and male releases sperm over the eggs.

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25
Q

what are the arthropod subphylums

A 
trilobitomorpha
pycnogonida
crustacea
myriapoda
chelicerata
hexapoda
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26
Q

fun fact about trilobitomorpha

A

all speices are currently extinct

27
Q

fun fact about pycnogonida

A

sea spiders

all marine species, sometimes joined with the spiders

28
Q

what families are included in the subphylum crustacea

A

shrimp, crabs, copepods, waterfleas

all aquatic except woodlice

29
Q

what cuticles do crustacea have

A

epicuticle and protocuticle with calcium carbonate

30
Q

how do crustacea have gas exchange

A

gills

31
Q

crustacea gill speciality

A

Gills can have very developed sensory organs, many associated with floor – walking or burrowing.

32
Q

what kind of vision do crustacea have

A

compound and simple eye

33
Q

how do crustacea reproduce

A

seperate sexes, internal fertelisation

34
Q

what kind of larva do crustaceas have

A

nauplious larva

35
Q

what order are woodlice

A

isoptera

36
Q

what do crustaceans typically have 5 of

A

pairs of marching legs

37
Q

what do crustateans typically have fused

A

head and thorax

38
Q

what are some of the crustaceans transformations of

A

the mouthparts

39
Q

how is sperm transfered in crustaceans

A

using first abdominal segment appendages (gonopods) inserted into female genital opening into seminal recepticle

40
Q

what does subphylum myriapoda mean in latin

A

myria 10,000

poda = feet

41
Q

what organisms are myriapods

A

milipedes & centipedes

42
Q

what kind od cuticle do they have

A

epicuticle waxy waterproof

43
Q

how do myriapods have gas exchange

A

tracheae

44
Q

what kind of eyes do myriapods have

A

simple eyes

dark environment

45
Q

how do myriapods reproduce

A

seperate sexes indirect sperm transfere with spermatophore

46
Q

what are the myriapoda body parts

A

head with one anntena and mandibles
body with many segments
jointed appendages

47
Q

millipede: no. legs per segment

A

2 pairs

48
Q

centipede: no. legs per segment

A

1 pair

49
Q

what class are milipedes

A

diplopoda

50
Q

what class are centipedes

A

chilopoda

51
Q

what does the subphylum chelicerata mean in latin

A

chelice = claws

52
Q

who are some chelicerats

A

scorpians, spiders, harvestmen, ticks

all terrestrial except horseshoe crabs

53
Q

how do chelicerates exchange gas

A

gills, book lungs, tracheae

54
Q

what kind of eyes do chelicerates have

A

simple and compound

55
Q

how do chelicerates reproduce

A

seperare sexes indirect sperm transfere with spermatophore

56
Q

what are the chelicerata body parts

A

cephalothorax
4 pairs of marching legs
no antenna
chelicera and pedipalps(one pair of each)

57
Q

how do scorpians shag

A

complex courtship
females have a tendancy to eat the males
lasts 45 mins

58
Q

how do harvestmen shag

A

for 38 mins

59
Q

how do spiders fuck

A

– sucks up sperm/silk into his pedipalp and inserts this into the females genital opening

60
Q

what is the species name for harvestmen

A

opiliones

61
Q

how do chelicerata do parental care

A

wolf spider and scorpions carry young on thier backs to protect them and provide food

62
Q

what class and orders are in chelicerata

A

class: arachnida
order: araneae
opiliones
acarina

63
Q

main characterisitic of arthropods

A 
exoskelton
segmented body
well defines head
jointed appendages
respratory organs
sensory organs
64
Q

how mang pairs of legs to isopods have

A

7

LEC 142 zoology (7 decks)

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