Lecture 7 Flashcards
What is the history of alcohol?
- Mesopotamian beer vessels dated 3500 years ago
- Dionysus was the Greek of mythological God of Wine
China - Zhou Dynasty wine - prior, beer (They invented the distillation process)
Used for nutritional, religious, social and euphoric effects
What patterns to look for to distinguish healthy and unhealthy drinking?
Looking at sustained patterns of drinking:
- How much they consume
- How quickly the person drinks the alcohol
- Where they are drinking
- The person’s biology/constitution/physical health
What is the continuum of physical health issues because of alcohol?
Most problems as alcohol use increases past 2 drinks daily: Heart, Liver, Bone, Endocrine, Pancreas, Gastrointestinal, immune system
Research suggests brain problems occur with less consumption
What determines who can drink moderately and who tends to overdrink?
Approximately 90 percent of our adult population who choose to drink don’t experience medical harm
Approximately 10% of that population drink harmful amounts
What risks are associated with transitioning from social to problem drinking?
Genes
Family History
Age of Onset
Stress
Sex
AVAILABILITY
What is considered 1 drink?
- 12 fl oz of regular beer
- 8-9 fl oz of malt liquor
- 5 fl oz of table wine
- 1.5 fl oz show of distilled spirits
True or False: Binge drinking and heavy alcohol use can increase an individual’s risk of AUD
True
What is binge drinking?
- A pattern of drinking alcohol that brings blood alcohol concentration (BAC) to 0.08% or 0.08 grams of alcohol per deciliter or more
- A female has four or more drinks, or a male has five or more drinks within about 2 hours
What is heavy drinking?
Binge drinking on 5 or more days in the past month
Who’s consuming alcohol in 2021 survey data
Adults
- 60.0 million people ages 12 and older (21.5% in this age group) reported binge drinking in the past month
- 16.2 million adults ages 18 and older (6.4% in this age group) reported heavy alcohol use in the past month
Adolescents
- 95,000 youth ages 12 to 17 (3.8% in this age group) reported binge drinking in the past month
- 3,000 you th ages 12 to 17 (0.4% in this age group) reported heavy alcohol use in the past month
What is alcohol?
- Two carbons
- Oxygen
-Six hydrogens
C2O1H6
Ethanol
Water and Fat Soluble
First is metabolized in the liver
What is the metabolism of ethanol into toxic and caloric molecule?
Ethanol -> Alcohol Dehydrogenase (ADH) -> Acetaldehyde (ALDH) toxic molecule -> Acetaldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) -> Acetate caloric molecule
Most of the metabolism happens in the liver
What are the effects experiences when the BAC is .02-.04%
Mild Intoxication - Relaxation, sensation of warmth, “high,” minor impairment in judgement
