Lecture 7 Flashcards
1
Q
Glutamine
A
- Rapidly divides epithelial tissues in the gut
- Regulates intestinal bacteria’s utilization
- Metabolism of amino acids
2
Q
FDA doesn’t test or regulate
A
- make sure they are 3rd party tested
3
Q
NSF certified sport
A
- safe for athletes that are blood tested
4
Q
St. John’s Wort
A
- Important
- a lot of interaction with other drug
5
Q
Glucocorticoids
A
- sone or olone endings
- control of glucose metabolism in the body to deal with stress
- Decrease inflammation & suppress immune system
- Primarily used as anti-inflammatory or immunosuppressants
- Evaluate / treat endocrine disorders
- cortisol & corticosterone
6
Q
Mineralocorticoids
A
- Maintain fluid & electrolyte balance in the body
- Orally
- Aldosterone
7
Q
Adrenal Glands
A
- Inside: Medulla
- Outside: Cortex
8
Q
ADH & Aldosterone
A
- ADH: Antidiuretic hormone
- Aldosterone: Increases kidney secretion of sodium into bloodstream = Increase in BP
9
Q
Addison’s Disease
A
- Not enough cortisol and aldosterone
- Adrenal insufficiency
10
Q
Cushing’s Syndrome
A
- Too much cortisol
- A tumor in the pituitary gland that increases ACTH release resulting in increased cortisol
11
Q
Addison’s Symptoms
A
- Adrenal hypofunction
- Hypoglycemia
- Hypotension
- Treated with corticosteroids
12
Q
Cushing’s Symptoms
A
- Adrenal hyperfunction
- Weight gain in face and abdomen
- Muscle weakness
- Hyperglycemia
- Hypertension
12
Q
Physiological dose
A
- roughly equal to what the body should be making
13
Q
Pharmacological dose
A
- Larger doses for a specific therapeutic effect
- Trying to make a different change
14
Q
Mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid replacement is usually required in patients with?
A
- Addison’s disease or other forms of adrenal hypofunction
15
Q
Fludrocortisone (Florinef)
A
- Primary aldosterone like agent for replacement therapy
16
Q
Adverse effects of Mineralocorticoids
A
- Hypertension
- Peripheral edema
- Weight gain
- Hypokalemia
17
Q
Mineralocorticoid antagonists
A
- Spironolactone (Aldactone)
- Eplerenone (Inspra)
- Competitive antagonist to the aldosterone receptors
- Increased sodium and water excretion
- Decreased potassium excretion
- Primarily used as diuretics in hypertension and heart failure
18
Q
Steroid Myopathy
A
- Proximal muscle weakness
19
Q
Drugs for gastric acidity and secretion
A
- Antacids: Neutralize stomach acids
- H2 receptor blockers: prevent histamine activated release of gastric acid
- Proton pump inhibitors: inhibit an enzyme that is responsible for gastric acid secretion
20
Q
Allopurinol
A
- Treatment of gout
- Oral medication
- Reduces production of uric acid in the body
21
Q
Levodopa
A
- Treatment of parkinson’s disease
- Resolves dopamine deficiency by being converted to dopamine
- Long term used limited by side effects
22
Q
Valacyclovir (Valtrex) & Acyclovir (Zovirax)
A
- Effective against herpes and chicken pox
- Inhibits viral DNA polymerase enzyme
- can be topical or oral
- avir endings
23
Q
Follicular
A
- Early follicular (Bleeding/Menstruation)
- Late follicular (Non-bleeding)
24
Luteal (Ovulation characterizes change)
1. Early luteal
2. Late luteal
25
Hormonal birth control
- Pill usually a combination of estrogen and progesterone
- Can be progesterone only
- IUDs and arm implants are progesterone only
26
BCP benefits
- improve quality of life in people with endometriosis, PCOS, and other gynecological diseases / issues
- can stabilize PMS symptoms
- Lower risk of ovarian cancer
27
BCP influences
- Decreased hormonal variation and loss of normal infradian rhythm
- Altered brain structure in areas related to emotion
- Increased structural change with increased time
- Alters microbiome leads to gut dysbiosis
28
