Lecture 7

Question 1

some signs of pregnancy

Answer 1

• Amenorrhea
• Nausea/vomitting (morning sickness, will go away by 12 w)
• hyperemesis gravidarum (more extreme persistent vomitting
• urinary frequency and noctunia
• Breast changes (tingly, more dark areola)

Question 2

how accurate are home preg devices and what do they test

Answer 2

measure human chorionic gondadotropin

90% accurate

Question 3

when is the 1st, 2nd, 3rd trimensters

Answer 3

1st- week 1-12
2nd- week 13-26
3rd- 27- preg (usually 37)

(don’t let go past 42)

Question 4

Risks w preg over 35

Answer 4

down syndrome
gestational diabetes
preg induced hypertension
miscarriage
premature labour

Question 5

under 17 years old risks

Answer 5

preterm labour
blood pressure probs
amenia

Question 6

Birth provider exam on baby (what should be covered

Answer 6

• height
• weight
• HR
• RR
• BP

Question 7

Fundal height at 12,16,20 weeks

Answer 7

12- level of symphysis pubis

16- halfway between symphysis pubis and umbilicus

20- Level of umbilicus

Question 8

What are some routine tests during preg

Answer 8

CBC
Blood type (rh factor)
Syphulis serology
antibody titer (hemolytic disease, rubella, hep B)
Urinalysis

Question 9

At what weeks should dating US, anatomy scan and glu tollerence test be done

Answer 9

dating US- 11-14 weeks

Anatomy scan- 18-22 weeks

Glucose tolerance test- 23-28weeks

Question 10

What are the first trimester tests

Answer 10

1. US for nuchal translucency (increased transparency increases chances for chromosomal abnormalities)
2. Maternal blood test (preg associated plasma protein screen, hCG)

Question 11

What is the main test during second trimester and what is it testing for

Answer 11

Quad test @ 15-20 weeks
-ised to evaulate if preg can be affected by down syndrome or neural tube defects

AFP
hCG
Estriol
Inhibin

Question 12

How accurate is the quad test

Answer 12

Correctly identifies about 80% of women carrying a baby who has down syndrome
5% false pos

Question 13

What is an amniocentesis

Answer 13

procedure used to obtain a small sample of amniotic fluid surroundsing the fetus to dx chromosomal disorders and neural tube defects

performed at 15-20 weeks
risky for baby

Question 14

what is a villus sampling and when is it done

Answer 14

sample taken of the placenta either via cervix or abdomen

preformed between 10-12 week of preg

Question 15

mc adverse outcome of preg

Answer 15

miscarriage (30%)

-as weeks go on the changes decrease

Question 16

what is chemical preg

Answer 16

happens after women misses her period but miscarriage occurs before first ultrasound

Question 17

what is blighted ovum

Answer 17

an embryonic preg

=egg is fertilized and attaches but the embryonic itnself does not develop

Question 18

topic preg facts

Answer 18

preg outside uterus mc in fallopian times

1-2% of pregs

Question 19

risk factors of ectopic preg

Answer 19

• pelvic inflammatory disease
• endometriosis
• scar tissue from past preg
• inf of fallopian time
• > 35
• too many sexual partners
• invitro fertlization

Question 20

symptoms of ectopic preg

Answer 20

• severe sharp stab like pains in lower abdomen
• ireegular vaginal bleeding
• nasuea/dizziness
• breat tenderness
• amenorrheea

Question 21

Etopic preg tx (2)

Answer 21

Methotrexate (stops growth)

Laparoscopic surgery

Question 22

overal complications that can occur in second trimester

Answer 22

-overall uneventful usually but;

• late miscarrage
• chlecyctitis
• pyelonephritis

Question 23

when does a late miscarriage usually happen

Answer 23

btw the end of 1st trip and 20th week

pot causes

• maternal health
• condition fo cervix/uterus
• drugs and toxic exposure
• placental probs

Question 24

What is incompetent cervix and how common

Answer 24

Weak cervical tissues causes or contributes to premature birth or preg loss following dilation
-1 - 20% of all pregs

Question 25

cholystitis during preg causes/results

Answer 25

cholesterol levels go up in preg and can cause duct obstruction

• right upper quad pain associated w eating meals
• may also get nausea/vomitting

Question 26

Why does pyelonpherphitis happen during second trimester and symptins

Answer 26

Ureters become dilated and compressed due to influence of uncreased progesterone and the uterus

• glucosuria leads to bac growth
• bladder loses tone and leads to UTIs

Question 27

complications of the third trimester (5)

Answer 27

• gestational diabetes
• preg rinduced hypertension
• preclampsia
• placenta previa
• abruption placenta

Question 28

Gestational diabetes- %, how is it screened and symptoms

Answer 28

4-7% of preg
-screened with glu tolerance test at 23-25w

will have thirst and copious urine
-baby will not be able to go thru full term

Question 29

symptoms of hypertension during preg

Answer 29

mild- face/ankles/hands edema and sudden weight gain

severe- headache, visual disturbance, fever, rapid heart, severe heartburn

Question 30

what is gestational hypertension and when is it usually dx

Answer 30

Hypertension dx after 20 weeks of gestation without concurrent proteinuria

Question 31

what is preclampsia

Answer 31

new onset hypertension with new onset proteinuria

Question 32

risk factors for preclampsia

Answer 32

• > 35y
• first preg
• hx of diabetes, high BP, kidney disease
• hx of preclampsia

Question 33

best tx for gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension and preclampsia

Answer 33

exercise during preg have a 40% reduction

Question 34

what is placenta previa

Answer 34

when placenta is partially or fully covering the cervix

dx thru ultrasound

Question 35

risk factors of placenta previa

Answer 35

increased parity
increased maternal age
prior placenta previa
multiple fetuses
smoking

Question 36

symptoms of placenta abruption

Answer 36

vaginal bleeding
abdominal pain
backpaine
uterine tenderness
rapidd contraction s

Question 37

if you see bleeding during preg what should you do

Answer 37

contract OBGYN, midwife etc or Emergency room immediately