Lecture 6 Flashcards
what is fertility vs infertility
Fertility- The ability to conceive and carry a child through pregnancy or through delivery
Infertility- Dx of exclusion that is arrived at after one year of unprotected intercourse
what % of individuals will have fertility issues and when does it typically decline
50% of ind will have fertility issues
fertility rates begin to decline around 34
what are some factors that effect fertility
- bilateral tubal obstruction
- endometriosis
- PCOS
- Lifestyle
- Env factors
What is endometriosis
Growth of uterine lining outside of uterine cavity (mc in the pelvis and abdomen)
What scores on biberoglu and bergman scale = probable endrometriosis
> 6
what is the main theory of endometriosis
Restrograde menstuation of endometrial cells
-with menes some menstrual content flows out through vag whereas some flow thru fallopian times and are regurgitated into pelvis where they overwhelm pelvic immune system and grow
how does endometriosis look/present
- may appear as blueish/black, red or white lesions
- could present as adhesions
- could be tiny lesions
common site of implants in endometriosis
occurs in douglas pouch, bladder, uterine space, ligs, fallapian tubes, bowel, umbilicus, sigmoid colon
Where is a peritoneal implant located
clear cysts may be visible on the peritoneal wall
Where is rectrovaginal nodule located
red boggy uterus
lesions on the ovaries
deep infiltrating nodes by the bowl
Ovarian endometrioma
Large hemorrhagic cysts on the overy
What is the common diagnostic delay on endometriosis
6-12 years
- non descriptive pain
- confused with other disorders
- no clinical markers
- only def dx by laparoscopic surgery
Pathogenesis of PCOS
- Elevated LH and FSH
- FSH causes follicles to grow while LH signals ovulation
Follicles begin to grow but miss message to undergo ovulation, there us chronic an ovulation and LH causes hyperandrogenmia
what are cholaramines and what are they linked to
in water as result of disinfection by products from decaying leaf matter that appears in surface water and has been linked to bladder cancer
What are volatile organic chems
off gassed from shower curtains and may cause probs w asthma,a
