Lecture 6A: Archea Flashcards
3 branches in Haeckel’s tree
- Plantae
- Animalia
- Protista
the scientist who studied the genetic sequences of different bacteria
- Carl Woese in 1970s
in 1970s, why did Carl Woesetudied the genetic sequences of different bacteria?
As a way to seeing how closely related they are to each other.
what did Carl woese propose?
- The domain tree of life called ARCHAEA
What does the term “Archaea” literally mean?
from greek means for ‘Old ones”
What Archean species is Dr. Thornstern Allers working on?
Haloferax volcanii
What type of Archean is it?
A Halophile, grows in extremely salty environments
How would you describe the medium it was grown in ?
Medium is saturated with salt
What was the major finding presented in this video about Archaea and its relatedness to Bacteria
What additional evidence did Dr. Wolfram Zillig provided that supported the finding in no. 3?
Enzymes of archea is uncanny similar to eukaryotes than to bacteria
Finally, what mind-boggling scientific proposition was presented about the ancestors of eukaryotes?
That we are the direct descendants of archea
General facts about archea
- Not all Archeans need oxygen to survive ( i.e., anaerobic)
- Some can produce ATP (energy) using sunlight
- Some may survive enormous temperature extremes
- Some may survive under rocks and in ocean floor vents deep below the ocean’s surface
- Some may tolerate huge pressure differences
- Some live in communities of microorganisms in the gut, soil, plant tissues, etc.
Surface structures of archaea; size:
slightly less than 1 µm long.
Surface structures of archaea; shape:
- spherical or coccus, rod-shaped, long and thin (bacillus)
- Variations of cells have been discovered in square and triangular shapes
Surface structures of archaea; locomotion:
- Some archaea have flagella, hair-like structures that assist in movement
- There can be one or many attached to the cell’s outer membrane. Protein networks can also be found on the cell membrane, which allow cells to attach themselves in groups.
