Lecture 69

Question 1

pediatric definition

Answer 1

birth to 18 years

Question 2

neonate definition

Answer 2

the first 0 to 28 days of life

Question 3

pre-term definition

Answer 3

under 37 weeks of gestational age

Question 4

term definition

Answer 4

37 weeks gestational age or greater (usually 40 weeks)

Question 5

infant definition

Answer 5

28days to 1 month up to 12 months

Question 6

child definition

Answer 6

1 to 11 years

Question 7

adolescent definition

Answer 7

12 to 18 years

Question 8

late adolescent definition

Answer 8

term sometime used for 18-21 years

Question 9

post menstrual age definition

Answer 9

first day of last menstrual period to present

Question 10

gestational age definition

Answer 10

first day of last period to birth

Question 11

postnatal age definition

Answer 11

also known as chronological age
birth to present

Question 12

corrected age definition

Answer 12

postnatal (actual) age minus the weeks born early

Question 13

growth and weight

Answer 13

needs to be monitored because pediatric pt can grow out of doses at a faster rate
weight doubles by 4-6 months
weight triples by 12 months
length increases 50% by 12 months

Question 14

differences in pediatric absorption

Answer 14

thinner skin layers in neonates
maturing intestinal motility and generally slower rate of enteral absorption
increased gastric pH

Question 15

difference in pediatric distribution

Answer 15

increased total body water (TBW) in comparison to total body fat (TBF)
increased extracellular fluid
decreased protein binding

Question 16

premature neonate TBW:TBF

Answer 16

80-90:1

Question 17

term neonate TBW:TBF

Answer 17

75:15

Question 18

older children/adults TBW:TBF

Answer 18

60:20-25

Question 19

difference in pediatric metabolism

Answer 19

liver enzymes take time to mature, meaning that dosing requirements can change over time
ex. caffeine in infants is 72-96h but for adults its 3.5-5h

Question 20

appropriate pediatric urine output

Answer 20

greater than or equal to 1mL/kg/hr

Question 21

oliguria

Answer 21

0.5mL/kg/hr

Question 22

anuria

Answer 22

equal to 0mL/kg/hr

Question 23

growth charts

Answer 23

tools for monitoring weight, length, and head circumference
used to assess nutritional status
based on averages, may not be appropriate for all patients
different versions for boys, girls, and some special populations

Question 24

gold standard for pediatric dosing

Answer 24

pediatric and neonatal dosage handbook
pay attention to headings
different doses are recommended for different indications

Question 25

general pediatric guidelines

Answer 25

nelson textbook of pediatrics
pediatrics in review (online journal)
neoreviews (online journal)
neofax
harriet lane handbook
pediatric pharmacotherapy (purple book)

Question 26

infectious disease guidelines

Answer 26

John Hopkins ABX Guide
AAP Red Book

Question 27

Compatibility guidelines

Answer 27

pediatric injectable drugs (teddy bear book)
handbook on injectable drugs (Trissel’s, via micromedex)

Question 28

general dosing guidelines

Answer 28

micromedex
drugfacts and comparisons

Question 29

pregnancy and lactation guidelines

Answer 29

drugs in pregnancy and lactation (briggs)
lactmed (free app)