Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ESS205H1 - FINAL 2022 > LECTURE 6 / WEEK 7: Human Pop & Resources > Flashcards

LECTURE 6 / WEEK 7: Human Pop & Resources Flashcards

1
Q

Name of proposed “new geological age”?

A

Anthropocene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What’s a “golden spike” as a “horizon” in geological time?

A

An indicator of mass extinction / end of one major trend & start of another.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What’s the significance of Iridium?

A

Dust from meteor / or volcanic eruption / that forms a layer on all surfaces – forming a “marker horizon” / potential “new age”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What’s a flood basalt?

A

Mantle pours out for a million years or more / coating everything in Iridium (marker horizon)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What’s a marker horizon?

A

indicator of mass change / meteor or volcano / layer of iridium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

“Anthropocene” is probably not going to happen, so what age are we in then?

A

Holocene.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Why do we destroy excess crops?

A

Keep market price high.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the 2 main indicators of pop growth or shrinkage?

A

Birth rate, death rate.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Aside from births & deaths, what 2 other factors might a demographer look at to see if a pop is growing or not?

A

Immigration & emigration.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Pop increase results in what? (which then limits the population).

A

enviro resistance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

If you have far more births than deaths, you’re testing the limits of the Earth’s “tolerance” for you, AKA …

A

Carrying capacity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Highest Pop Density in Canananada which prov?

A

P.E.I.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are 3 things in the Industrial Era that allowed the population to grow?

A

Sanitation, medication, vaccination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

1800’s, life expectancy was (approx)

A

around 40 years or thereabouts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

High life expectancy corresponds with access to …

A

clean drinking water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

In the past 100 years, there have been more births and more deaths in Canada. Correct?

A

No. Fewer births. Less frequent deaths.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The higher your standard of living, the carrying capacity is _____ for people like you.

A

lower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What’s PPP stand for (related to GDP)

A

Purchasing Power Parity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What’s Purchasing Power Parity (PPP)?

A

How much the average person can afford (overlooking currency conversion). International average is $10,000. Much less in Nigeria.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

For population to grow, the Total Fertility Rate (TFR) needs to be …

A

2.1 kids per mother

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

In what stage of development (after industrial) do people start to wise up and have fewer children?

A

Stage 4: Post-Industrial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

(4 stages) Preindustrial, ________, Industrial, ___________

A

transitional … post-industrial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Birth & Death rates during Transitional (Stage 2)?

A

Birth rates remain high. Death rates decrease.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Pyramid-shaped Population Pyramid means an abundance of?

A

Kids.

25
Q

What accounts for the common, subtle, asymmetrical imbalance of pop pyramids?

A

Women live longer than non-women human beings do.

26
Q

What’s a “tapered base” in a pop pyramid mean?

A

Decrease in birth rates.

27
Q

Birthrate is inversely related to education levels (True or False)

A

True dat.

28
Q

More people in urban areas in developing countries or developed?

A

75% urban in developed vs. 40% urban in developing.

29
Q

Percentage of urban humans in developing nations vs. developed nations?

A

40% / 75%

30
Q

Most urban growth is happening in developed countries or developing ones?

A

+ing ones.

31
Q

How many of us live in developed nations?

A

1/4

32
Q

We see a net transfer of resources from rich to poor (?)

A

LOL of course not. It’s the opposite (mostly services on debts).

33
Q

“Horizon” from meteor / eruption / “flood basalts” made of what chemical?

A

Iridium.

34
Q

Most renewable energy is from …

A

hydroelectric power

35
Q

Petroleum (fossil fuels) and ______ are the two main non-renewables used …

A

Natural Gas.

36
Q

Why Nuclear Power not renewable dude?

A

Because limited amount of uranium for use in reactors, man.

37
Q

Why are the old swampy forests that eventually make coal slow to decompose / breakdown?

A

Anoxic swamps.

38
Q

Swamps that are turning into coal (compressed vege matter) is also known as a ______ bog.

A

Peat.

39
Q

Swampy forests were stored, to eventually become coal, during what period?

A

Carboniferous.

40
Q

Best and most rare type of coal is …

A

Anthracite.

41
Q

Worst type of coal is …

A

Lignite.

42
Q

How long could oil last us at current rate of use?

A

60 years.

43
Q

Oil doesn’t form in swamps like coal. It forms in …

A

The Ocean (big salty lake)

44
Q

What process was not completed when organic matter that was then prematurely buried (beneath the ocean) – which in turn gives us oil?

A

Decomposition.

45
Q

HOw we handle high-level radioactive waste?

A

When plant decommissioned, we box it all up in cement.

46
Q

In ON our main sources are Hydro & ____

A

Nuclear

47
Q

Definition of sustainability given in slides …

A

Meet needs of present w/o compromise future

48
Q

How many earths would we need if everybody consumed like Americans?

A

5 earths.

49
Q

What best thing we can do to reduce consumption now?

A

Eat less meat.

50
Q

We should focus on curbing what? instead of population size?

A

Consumption.

51
Q

4 Global Env Issues

A

Oceans, Ozones, Climate Change, Deforestation

52
Q

Formula for Global Growth Rate

A

Birth rate (b) Death rate (d) Global growth rate (r)

r = b - d

53
Q

r = b + i - d - e

A

Global Growth Rate minus immigration (i) and emigration (e)

54
Q

When did world growth rate peak?

A

2.2% in 1963

55
Q

2.2% - 1.1%

A

Global Growth 1963 vs. 2012

56
Q

Estimates for populations within Earth’s carrying capacity?

A

4 - 16 billion

57
Q

Current Total Fertility Rate (TFR)

A

2.5 kids per mama

58
Q

Two types of overpopulation

A

People overpop & Consumption overpop

ESS205H1 - FINAL 2022 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions