Lecture 6 - Salivary glands

Question 1

what are the fucntions of saliva?

Answer 1

1. prevention of dehydration of oral mucosa
2. lubrication of mastication and swallowing
3. maintaining proper dental hygiene
4. assist in digestion of carbohydrates
5. solvent for taste and smell

Question 2

what is saliva made from name the 6 things.

Answer 2

1. mucin glycoproteins
2. aplha amylase
3. proline-rich proteins
4. lactoferrin
5. Immunoglobulin A
6. lysozomes

Question 3

what is a salvion?

Answer 3

1. basic unit of salivary gland

Question 4

what is a acinus?

Answer 4

pyramidal shaped cell which is surronded by myoepithelial cells. that secrets cellular products like protiens and electrolytes.

Question 5

what is a duct cell and what are its functions?

Answer 5

modifies primary secretion

makes secretion hypotonic

Question 6

how is salivation controlled ?

Answer 6

through the Autonomics nervouse systemm:

1. sympthatheic:
   
   • produce sticky saliva
   • fight or flight
   • periatrerial plexuses
2. parasympathetic:
   
   • runny saliva
   • rest/ digest
   • secretomotor nerve supply via craninal nerves

Question 7

what role does medulla play in salivation ?

Answer 7

secretion and inhibition is becase the stimulus goes to the medulla and the parasympathetic axons (CN7/CN9) promote these activies.

Question 8

which cranial nerve is linked with what salivary gland?

Answer 8

CN7- facial nerve= sublingual/ sub mandibular

CN9- glossophrayngeal nerve= parotid gland

Question 9

name the 3 major salivary glands

Answer 9

1. parotid
2. submandibular
3. sublingual
   4.

Question 10

where do the three salivary glands drain to?

Answer 10

1. parotid- 2nd maxillary molar- parotid papilla
2. submandibular gland- sublingual caruncle
3. sublingual gland- sublingual folds

Question 11

what are the features of the parotid gland?

Answer 11

1. largest of the salivary glands
2. serous gland rich in amaylase

Question 12

name the artery and vein that runs through the parotid gland.

Answer 12

retromandibular vein

external carotid artery

Question 13

what are the 2 branches of the following:

retromandibular vein

External carotid artery

Answer 13

superficial temporal vein

maxillary vein

superficial temporal artery

Maxillary Artery

Question 14

what nerve runs through the parotid gland?

what is its function?

Answer 14

facial nerve

controls facial expressions

relays taste from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue

Question 15

lable the diagram with the following :

styloid process of the temporal bone

posterior border of mandibular ramus

masseter muscle

sternocleidomastoid

stylohyoid & posterior belly of the digastric muscle

Answer 15

Question 16

how is the parotid gland innervated?

1. sensory
2. parasympathetic

Answer 16

• auriculotemporal nerves of Trigeminal V3
• great auricular nerve

• starts at glossopharyngeal then synapse with the otic ganglion. from there the auriculotemporal nerve carries the parasympathetic nerve fibres from otic ganglion to the parotid gland

Question 17

label the diagram:

mylohyoid line

submandibular fossa

mental spin

sublingual fossa.

Answer 17

Question 18

describe the relationship of the submandibular duct to the lingual nerve of the trigemial nerve. Wharton’s duct?

Answer 18

goes inferior (below) to the submandibular duct. from

Question 19

what type of tissue is mainly the sub lingual gland

Answer 19

seromucous

Question 20

how is the submandibular and sublingual glands innerverted.

Answer 20

parasympathetic secretomotor supply is primarily supplied by the facial nerve.

Question 21

what is sialolithiasis

Answer 21

formation of salivary calculi

Question 22

what is xerostomia?

what can cause it list 3?

Answer 22

dry mouth due to impaired secretion of the saliva.

salivary calucus/ tumours

anticholinergic drugs

Sjogren’s syndrome (an autoimmune disease that destroys secreting cells