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Naturopathy > Lecture 6 Nutrition IV Common Ailments in Clinic > Flashcards

Lecture 6 Nutrition IV Common Ailments in Clinic Flashcards

1
Q

Finding the cause of a disease is paramount to the naturopathic method of investigating.

A
  1. Take into account the client’s predisposing factors to illness or a triggering event/ cause
  2. Uncover the individual’s lifestyle factors: sleep and relaxation time, exercise and movement, nutrition/ hydration, stress levels and relationships
  3. Plot the information on a timeline
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2
Q

To identify the aggravating and relieving factors always ask the following:

A

What makes it better/ worse

Time of day, month, year, period

Eating sleeping exercising drinking relaxation stress

Specific foods or beverages

Applying hot, cold, warm

Remedy or drugs

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3
Q

Name three valuable pieces of information that food diaries provide

A

Balance of macro and micro nutrients

If food correctly combined

Hydration

If certain foods cause symptoms

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4
Q

Anxiety disorder:

Cause

A

Stress life experiences
Chronic stress decrease parasympathetic impeding nutrient absorption (tryptophan)
Sugar, alcohol, caffeine, processed food

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5
Q

Anxiety disorder nutritional treatment of

A

B-complex foods: whole grains, sunflower seed, fish, pistachios, eggs

Zinc- pumpkin, hemp seeds, cashews, legumes, whole grains, oysters, sardines

Vitamin C- peppers, broccoli, kale, cauliflower, tomatoes, strawberries, kiwifruit, citrus

Theanine: green tea

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6
Q

Functions of Magnesium in treating Anxiety

A

Cofactors for GABA synthesis and serotonin-melatonin pathway

Nerve transmission

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7
Q

Functions of Tryptophan in treating anxiety

A

Used for serotonin (mood regulator) and melatonin (regulates sleep/ wake cycle) synthesis

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8
Q

How do B-complex vitamins aid in the treatment of anxiety

A

B6 helps facilitate conversion of glutamate (excitatory) to GABA (inhibitory)

B1 required for metabolism of aa use in neurotransmitter produciton

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9
Q

Explain the role of GABA synthesis in the treatment of anxiety.

A

GABA synthesis

A decrease in nerve synaps lead to increase NMDA receptors for glutamate (increases anxiety)

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10
Q

Functions of Vitamin C in treatment of anxiety

A

Need to produce cortisol

Co- factor in synthesis of serotonin

Reduces oxidative stress a factor in anxiety

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11
Q

Describe the function of theanine in the treatment of anxiety

A

Blocks glutamate receptors, while increasing GABA (calming)

Increases serotonin and dopamine levels

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12
Q

What other naturopathic advice may be offered in the treatment of anxiety

A

Exercise
Diaphragmatic breathing
Passionflower, lemon balm, chamomile teas

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13
Q

Define Type 2 Diabetes

A

A metabolic condition whereby the body cells become resistant to the effects of insulin, leading to hyperglycemia.

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14
Q

Bloating immediately after consuming food may indicate:

A

Possible low stomach acid

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15
Q

Bloating 1-2 hours after food may indicate:

A

Possible fermentation of food associated with low pancreatic enzymes

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16
Q

Bloating relieved by burping my indicate:

A

Suggestive of stomach or small intestinal problems

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17
Q

According to Chinese Body Clock what organ system may be imbalanced if waking/ energy slumped during the following times:
1-3am
3-5am
5-7am

A

Liver
Lung
Kidneys

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18
Q

Distinguish between glycaemic index and glycaemic load

A

GI- measure elf how fast and how much a food raises blood glucsoe

GL- measures bothe GI and how much carbohydrate is in the food

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19
Q

Describe how exercise helps manage Type 2 diabetes

A

Increases release of anti-inflammatory proteins such as adiponectin

Increases GLUT4 protein facilitating glucose transport into cell

Healthy weight good for CV

Modulates expression of inflammatory mediators involved in insulin resistance

20
Q

Causes/ risk factors to type 2 diabetes

A

Alterations in microbiome

Stress

Persistent organic pollutants

21
Q

What supplements may be useful in the treatment of Type 2 Diabetes

A

Chromium, Magnesium, Omega-3 fatty acid

Vitamin D, Cinnamon, Green tea,

22
Q

How is Chromium useful in the treatment of Type 2 Diabetes

A

A component of chromodulin- a protein that increases sensitivity of the enzyme tyrosine kinase. Tyrosine kinase facilitates insulin receptor activity allowing glucose cell entry

23
Q

How does Vitamin D supplementation help manage Type 2 Diabetes

A

Plays a role in the synthesis and secretion of insulin by activating transcription of the insulin gene

24
Q

Define polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)

A

A common metabolic and hormonal disorder affecting women of reproductive age and is a major cause of fertility issues.

It is characterized by insulin resistance and excess androgens

25
Q

What factors contribute to excess androgens and why

A

Insulin inhibits the liver’s production of SHBG (sex hormone binding globulin) increasing levels of free (active) testosterone

Insulin stimulates ovarian and adrenal production of androgens

LH activity is disrupted and follicles do not mature

26
Q

In addition to nutritional guidelines outlined for Type 2 Diabetes what nutrients aid in treatment of PCOS

A

Mayo-inositol-
Improve insulin sensitivity

Decrease total serum testosterone and increase SHBG to reduce bioavailable testosterone

Improves menstrual cycle regulatory, egg quality and fertility

Spearmint tea- decrease free testosterone levels

Alpha lipoid acid-

Maitake mushroom-
Contains proteoglycan that improves insulin sensitivity
Fatty acids inhibit inflammatory COX-1, COX-2 pathways

27
Q

Define Asthma and Atopic Dermatitis and describe the relation between the two.

A

Hypersensitivity reactions where the immune system overreacts to an antigen

28
Q

How does an imbalanced immune system contribute to asthma and atopic dermatitis

A

T-helper cells
TH1- target viruses, bacteria

TH2- target allergens, toxins, parasites

29
Q

What factors may disrupt T-helper cell balance

A

Genetic, increase antigen uptake (intestinal permeability) and dysbiosis

30
Q

What foods are to be avoided in a simple elimination diet and how long should they be avoided

A

Cow’s milk, shellfish, eggs, soy, peanuts, wheat, rye, barley, chocolate

31
Q

What prebiotics are helpful in addressing immune imbalance

A

Chicory root, dandelion greens, garlic, onions, asparagus, flaxseed

32
Q

Additional supplements to address immune imbalance

A 
Vitamin C
Vitamin D
Vitamin E
Omega-3 fatty acids
Quercetin
Vitamins B3 and B6
Magnesium
Ginger Turmeric
Reduce red meat
Zinc
33
Q

Respiratory Infections are usually bacterial or viral in origin?

A

Viral

Best to treat with rest, nutritious diet, fluids

34
Q

Nutritional recommendations for respiratory infections

A

Main approach is to support immune system, provide direct anti-microbials & aid in removal of waste products

Mucolytics (garlic, onion)
Expectorants
Zinc, Vitamin A, Vitamin C, Vitamin D, N-acetyl cysteine (breaks disulfide bonds in mucoproteins), reishi mushroom, shiitake mushroom

35
Q

PMS premenstrual syndrome, pathologically is associated with what conditions

A

Oestrogen excess
Low progesterone during luteal phase which subsequently lowers serotonin
Elevated prolactin (influenced by stress)
Inefficient processing of hormones by the liver

36
Q

Cause and risk factors of PMS

A

Low magnesium and B6

Stress- stimulates cortisol from adrenals which decreases LH and FSH from pituitary disrupting oestrogen and progesterone

Xenoestrogens- mimic oestrogen and bind to receptors to heighten activity found in plastics, pesticides, cleaning products, cosmetics

37
Q

Nutrients that help regulate PMS

A

Seed cycling: pumpkin seeds and flax seeds first half of cycle
Sesame seeds, sunflower seeds second half to support synthesis of progesterone

38
Q

In relation to respiratory infections, N-acetyl cysteine is helpful because:
Select one:

a.
It has a soothing effect on inflamed tissues.

b.
It increases production of immune cells.

c.
It has direct antiviral activity.

d.
It alters the viscosity of mucus to enable easier expulsion.

A

D

39
Q

Of the following, which is NOT a nutritional recommendation for Type 2 Diabetes.
Select one:

a.
Avoid trans fats and minimise saturated fats.

b.
Focus on healthy low GI/GL foods.

c.
Include fibre-rich foods to slow the release of glucose into the bloodstream.

d.
Use artificial sweeteners instead of sugar to help balance blood glucose.

A

D

40
Q

Of the following, which is NOT a role of vitamin B6 in PMS
Select one:

a.
Used in the production of GABA

b.
Alleviates fluid retention

c.
Needed for progesterone production

d.
Decreases luteinizing hormone (LH)

A

D

41
Q

Of the following nutrients, which does NOT play a role in GABA synthesis.
Select one:

a.
Vitamin E

b.
Vitamin B6

c.
Zinc

d.
Magnesium

A

A

42
Q

The TWO nutrients required for the conversion of T4 to T3 are
Select one:

a.
Iron and vitamin B5

b.
Iodine and calcium

c.
Zinc and selenium

d.
Vitamins A and D

A

C

43
Q

One method of improving immune balance in atopic disorders such as asthma is to
Select one:

a.
Increase intake of selenium-rich foods such as Brazil nuts.

b.
Increase dietary intake of omega-6 fatty acids.

c.
Consume passionflower or lemon balm tea.

d.
Improve microflora colonization with prebiotic and probiotic foods.

A

D

44
Q

Theanine is found in.
Select one:

a.
Green tea

b.
Passionflower tea

c.
Lemon balm tea

d.
Chamomile tea

A

A

45
Q

Of the following herbal teas the MOST suitable for someone with PCOS is
Select one:

a.
Lemon balm

b.
Spearmint

c.
Chamomile

d.
Valerian

A

B

46
Q

Chromium plays a specific role in.
Select one:

a.
Reducing glutamate activity.

b.
Enhancing serotonin production.

c.
Supporting insulin receptor activity.

d.
Balancing oestrogen and progesterone.

A

C

47
Q

Which of the following statements does NOT apply to quercetin.
Select one:

a.
Is particularly abundant in animal foods.

b.
Decreases development of lesions in atopic dermatitis.

c.
Reduces inflammation and inhibits histamine release.

d.
Reduces airway inflammation and hyper-responsiveness in asthma.

A

A

Naturopathy (7 decks)

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