Lecture 6 Nutrition IV Common Ailments in Clinic Flashcards
Finding the cause of a disease is paramount to the naturopathic method of investigating.
- Take into account the client’s predisposing factors to illness or a triggering event/ cause
- Uncover the individual’s lifestyle factors: sleep and relaxation time, exercise and movement, nutrition/ hydration, stress levels and relationships
- Plot the information on a timeline
To identify the aggravating and relieving factors always ask the following:
What makes it better/ worse
Time of day, month, year, period
Eating sleeping exercising drinking relaxation stress
Specific foods or beverages
Applying hot, cold, warm
Remedy or drugs
Name three valuable pieces of information that food diaries provide
Balance of macro and micro nutrients
If food correctly combined
Hydration
If certain foods cause symptoms
Anxiety disorder:
Cause
Stress life experiences
Chronic stress decrease parasympathetic impeding nutrient absorption (tryptophan)
Sugar, alcohol, caffeine, processed food
Anxiety disorder nutritional treatment of
B-complex foods: whole grains, sunflower seed, fish, pistachios, eggs
Zinc- pumpkin, hemp seeds, cashews, legumes, whole grains, oysters, sardines
Vitamin C- peppers, broccoli, kale, cauliflower, tomatoes, strawberries, kiwifruit, citrus
Theanine: green tea
Functions of Magnesium in treating Anxiety
Cofactors for GABA synthesis and serotonin-melatonin pathway
Nerve transmission
Functions of Tryptophan in treating anxiety
Used for serotonin (mood regulator) and melatonin (regulates sleep/ wake cycle) synthesis
How do B-complex vitamins aid in the treatment of anxiety
B6 helps facilitate conversion of glutamate (excitatory) to GABA (inhibitory)
B1 required for metabolism of aa use in neurotransmitter produciton
Explain the role of GABA synthesis in the treatment of anxiety.
GABA synthesis
A decrease in nerve synaps lead to increase NMDA receptors for glutamate (increases anxiety)
Functions of Vitamin C in treatment of anxiety
Need to produce cortisol
Co- factor in synthesis of serotonin
Reduces oxidative stress a factor in anxiety
Describe the function of theanine in the treatment of anxiety
Blocks glutamate receptors, while increasing GABA (calming)
Increases serotonin and dopamine levels
What other naturopathic advice may be offered in the treatment of anxiety
Exercise
Diaphragmatic breathing
Passionflower, lemon balm, chamomile teas
Define Type 2 Diabetes
A metabolic condition whereby the body cells become resistant to the effects of insulin, leading to hyperglycemia.
Bloating immediately after consuming food may indicate:
Possible low stomach acid
Bloating 1-2 hours after food may indicate:
Possible fermentation of food associated with low pancreatic enzymes
Bloating relieved by burping my indicate:
Suggestive of stomach or small intestinal problems
According to Chinese Body Clock what organ system may be imbalanced if waking/ energy slumped during the following times:
1-3am
3-5am
5-7am
Liver
Lung
Kidneys
Distinguish between glycaemic index and glycaemic load
GI- measure elf how fast and how much a food raises blood glucsoe
GL- measures bothe GI and how much carbohydrate is in the food
Describe how exercise helps manage Type 2 diabetes
Increases release of anti-inflammatory proteins such as adiponectin
Increases GLUT4 protein facilitating glucose transport into cell
Healthy weight good for CV
Modulates expression of inflammatory mediators involved in insulin resistance
Causes/ risk factors to type 2 diabetes
Alterations in microbiome
Stress
Persistent organic pollutants
What supplements may be useful in the treatment of Type 2 Diabetes
Chromium, Magnesium, Omega-3 fatty acid
Vitamin D, Cinnamon, Green tea,
How is Chromium useful in the treatment of Type 2 Diabetes
A component of chromodulin- a protein that increases sensitivity of the enzyme tyrosine kinase. Tyrosine kinase facilitates insulin receptor activity allowing glucose cell entry
How does Vitamin D supplementation help manage Type 2 Diabetes
Plays a role in the synthesis and secretion of insulin by activating transcription of the insulin gene
Define polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)
A common metabolic and hormonal disorder affecting women of reproductive age and is a major cause of fertility issues.
It is characterized by insulin resistance and excess androgens
What factors contribute to excess androgens and why
Insulin inhibits the liver’s production of SHBG (sex hormone binding globulin) increasing levels of free (active) testosterone
Insulin stimulates ovarian and adrenal production of androgens
LH activity is disrupted and follicles do not mature
In addition to nutritional guidelines outlined for Type 2 Diabetes what nutrients aid in treatment of PCOS
Mayo-inositol-
Improve insulin sensitivity
Decrease total serum testosterone and increase SHBG to reduce bioavailable testosterone
Improves menstrual cycle regulatory, egg quality and fertility
Spearmint tea- decrease free testosterone levels
Alpha lipoid acid-
Maitake mushroom-
Contains proteoglycan that improves insulin sensitivity
Fatty acids inhibit inflammatory COX-1, COX-2 pathways
Define Asthma and Atopic Dermatitis and describe the relation between the two.
Hypersensitivity reactions where the immune system overreacts to an antigen
How does an imbalanced immune system contribute to asthma and atopic dermatitis
T-helper cells
TH1- target viruses, bacteria
TH2- target allergens, toxins, parasites
What factors may disrupt T-helper cell balance
Genetic, increase antigen uptake (intestinal permeability) and dysbiosis
What foods are to be avoided in a simple elimination diet and how long should they be avoided
Cow’s milk, shellfish, eggs, soy, peanuts, wheat, rye, barley, chocolate
What prebiotics are helpful in addressing immune imbalance
Chicory root, dandelion greens, garlic, onions, asparagus, flaxseed
Additional supplements to address immune imbalance
Vitamin C Vitamin D Vitamin E Omega-3 fatty acids Quercetin Vitamins B3 and B6 Magnesium Ginger Turmeric Reduce red meat Zinc
Respiratory Infections are usually bacterial or viral in origin?
Viral
Best to treat with rest, nutritious diet, fluids
Nutritional recommendations for respiratory infections
Main approach is to support immune system, provide direct anti-microbials & aid in removal of waste products
Mucolytics (garlic, onion)
Expectorants
Zinc, Vitamin A, Vitamin C, Vitamin D, N-acetyl cysteine (breaks disulfide bonds in mucoproteins), reishi mushroom, shiitake mushroom
PMS premenstrual syndrome, pathologically is associated with what conditions
Oestrogen excess
Low progesterone during luteal phase which subsequently lowers serotonin
Elevated prolactin (influenced by stress)
Inefficient processing of hormones by the liver
Cause and risk factors of PMS
Low magnesium and B6
Stress- stimulates cortisol from adrenals which decreases LH and FSH from pituitary disrupting oestrogen and progesterone
Xenoestrogens- mimic oestrogen and bind to receptors to heighten activity found in plastics, pesticides, cleaning products, cosmetics
Nutrients that help regulate PMS
Seed cycling: pumpkin seeds and flax seeds first half of cycle
Sesame seeds, sunflower seeds second half to support synthesis of progesterone
In relation to respiratory infections, N-acetyl cysteine is helpful because:
Select one:
a.
It has a soothing effect on inflamed tissues.
b.
It increases production of immune cells.
c.
It has direct antiviral activity.
d.
It alters the viscosity of mucus to enable easier expulsion.
D
Of the following, which is NOT a nutritional recommendation for Type 2 Diabetes.
Select one:
a.
Avoid trans fats and minimise saturated fats.
b.
Focus on healthy low GI/GL foods.
c.
Include fibre-rich foods to slow the release of glucose into the bloodstream.
d.
Use artificial sweeteners instead of sugar to help balance blood glucose.
D
Of the following, which is NOT a role of vitamin B6 in PMS
Select one:
a.
Used in the production of GABA
b.
Alleviates fluid retention
c.
Needed for progesterone production
d.
Decreases luteinizing hormone (LH)
D
Of the following nutrients, which does NOT play a role in GABA synthesis.
Select one:
a.
Vitamin E
b.
Vitamin B6
c.
Zinc
d.
Magnesium
A
The TWO nutrients required for the conversion of T4 to T3 are
Select one:
a.
Iron and vitamin B5
b.
Iodine and calcium
c.
Zinc and selenium
d.
Vitamins A and D
C
One method of improving immune balance in atopic disorders such as asthma is to
Select one:
a.
Increase intake of selenium-rich foods such as Brazil nuts.
b.
Increase dietary intake of omega-6 fatty acids.
c.
Consume passionflower or lemon balm tea.
d.
Improve microflora colonization with prebiotic and probiotic foods.
D
Theanine is found in.
Select one:
a.
Green tea
b.
Passionflower tea
c.
Lemon balm tea
d.
Chamomile tea
A
Of the following herbal teas the MOST suitable for someone with PCOS is
Select one:
a.
Lemon balm
b.
Spearmint
c.
Chamomile
d.
Valerian
B
Chromium plays a specific role in.
Select one:
a.
Reducing glutamate activity.
b.
Enhancing serotonin production.
c.
Supporting insulin receptor activity.
d.
Balancing oestrogen and progesterone.
C
Which of the following statements does NOT apply to quercetin.
Select one:
a.
Is particularly abundant in animal foods.
b.
Decreases development of lesions in atopic dermatitis.
c.
Reduces inflammation and inhibits histamine release.
d.
Reduces airway inflammation and hyper-responsiveness in asthma.
A
