Lecture 6 Nursing 100 Flashcards

Question

NSAIDs | Drug Interactions

Answer 1

wide variety r/t highly protein bound anticoagulants (ex: coumadin) antihypertensives

Answer 2

``` Predictable CNS- dizzy, drowsy, HA, confusion Eyes- blurred vision GI - pain, bleeding, anemia Renal - cystitis, hematuria Unpredictable allergic reaction like asthma ```

Answer 3

Contraindicated in asthma Pain continues > 5 days call MD Check for cross-sensitivity to ASA May take several weeks to produce therapeutic effect Check blood & vision before starting long term therapy

Answer 4

Derived from active opium poppy Agonist -affinity to receptor site & stimulate function Morphine is standard of effectiveness Demerol is synthetic narcotic

Answer 5

Absorbed well po large first by-pass Distributed widely Metabolized in liver Excreted by kidneys

Answer 6

Binds at Opiate receptor sites Decreased pain impulse Decreases response to pain

Answer 7

``` Cough suppression Diaphoresis & flushing Depresses Respiration Slow GI tract Urine retention (poor bladder tone) Vassodilate>> decreases BP ```

Answer 8

``` Severe pain acute, chronic or terminal illness Preoperative to decrease anxiety Pain from MI Schedule II No ceiling effect ```

Answer 9

Patient Controlled Analgesia

Answer 10

``` Mild to moderate pain Schedule II mild - moderate pain Antitussive- cough suprressent Not used in chronic pain Has ceiling effect ```

Answer 11

Alcohol Sedatives Hypnotic Drugs that cause Resp. Depression

Answer 12

``` Respiratory Depression Vasodilatation- flushing, Orthostatic Hypotension GI- N/V, Constipation, Prolonged labor, depressed fetus Allergic reactions Kidney dysfunction ```

Answer 13

``` Hold if resp. rate 8-10/min Check for Urinary retention Check peristalsis Assess pain with each dose Administer before pain is severe Double locked, signed out of controlled drugs counted each shift, witness any waste Assess tolerance and increase dose prn ```

Answer 14

``` Naloxone (Narcan) Competes with agonist at receptor sites Usually IV or IM Rapid onset, duration 2-3 min. May need to repeat dose ```

Answer 15

Narcotic OD | Reverse respiratory depression

Answer 16

Nausea/Vomiting Hypertension Tachycardia Hyperventilation

Answer 17

Use cautiously with cardiac irritability | Safe to use when cause resp. depression unknown

Answer 18

``` Treat acute painful conditions with: muscle spasticity multiple sclerosis cerebral palsy CVA spinal cord injury ```

Answer 19

go to CNS and depress it from sending impulses to contract muscle synergic- multiplies rapidly act in spinal cord use with rest and PT

Answer 20

Synergetic Effect with other CNS depressants Added depression with ETOH MAO inhibitors, psychiatric antidepressants Antihypertensives (have less effect) Cholinergic blockers (increase anticholinergic effect-dry mouth, urinary retention)

Answer 21

Drowsiness, dizziness N/V/D abd. distress, constipation Resp depression, hypotension

Answer 22

Warn to not drive or use machinery Avoid ETOH, CNS depressants caution with Hx. urine retention, cardiac disease not to pt with glaucoma

Answer 23

dantrolene (Dantrium) - similar effect to central acting Rx Works directly on muscle contractile mechanism inhibits Ca release from muscles Used with all types of spastically Interact with CNS depressants

Answer 24

``` muscle weakness lightheadedness visual and speech disturbances urine retention, frequency or incontinence Idiosyncratic reaction = hepatitis ```

Answer 25

Not for use in pt with liver dysfunction Caution in cardiac or lung dysfunction Warn pt about weakness, drowsiness, dizziness Obtain baseline of liver function

Answer 26

Benzodiazepines – diazepam (Valium) Drug of choice for treatment of spasms Enhances neurotransmitter GABA (gamma aminobutyric acid) inhibitory effect on muscle contraction Limited by CNS effects & tolerance development