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BIO 236 Cells And Immunity > Lecture 6: Immunobiology (cells And Tissues Of The Immune System) > Flashcards

Lecture 6: Immunobiology (cells And Tissues Of The Immune System) Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Cell types of the mammalian immune system

A
  1. Granulocytes (& mast cells)
  2. Lymphocytes
  3. …..
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2
Q

Developement of blood cells

A
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3
Q

.

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4
Q

Blood island in yolk sac

A
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5
Q

.

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6
Q

Changes in distribution of bone marrow

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7
Q

…

A
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8
Q

Control of leucocyte differentiation

A
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9
Q

…

A
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10
Q
  1. GRANULOCYTES
A
  • 60-70% of peripheral blood leucocytes are Granulocytes
  • short lived cells (hrs-days)
  • released from bone marrow at ca. 80 million/min
  • first line of defence
  • involved in NON-SPECIFIC DEFENCES
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11
Q

GRANULOCYTES

A
  • individuals with low numbers of G or G’s with defect in antimicrobial armoury suffer recurrent microbial diseases
  • e.g.
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12
Q

Types of Granulocytes

A
  • Neurtrophils (heterophils)
  • Eosinophils
  • Basophils
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13
Q

G : NEUTROPHILS

A

Formation

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14
Q

G : NEUTROPHILS

A

Myleoblast

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15
Q

G : NEUTROPHILS

A

Promyelocyte

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16
Q

G : NEUTROPHILS

A

Myelocyte

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17
Q

G : NEUTROPHILS

A

Band cell

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18
Q

G : NEUTROPHILS

A

Mature neutrophil

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19
Q

G : NEUTROPHILS

A

Neutrophil apoptosis

20
Q

G : NEUTROPHILS

A

Granule chemistry

21
Q

G : NEUTROPHILS

A
22
Q

G : NEUTROPHILS

A

Functions:
- Phagocytosis
- Acute inflammation

23
Q

G’S: EOSINOPHILS

A

Discovered by ….

24
Q

G’s: EOSINOPHILS

A
  • only 5% of leucocytes in peripheral blood are eosinophils
  • also found in tissues e.g. skin, intestinal mucosa, lungs and uterus where they protect against parasite invasion
25
Q

G’s: EOSINOPHILS

A

Classes:

26
Q

G’s: EOSINOPHILS

A
27
Q

G’s: EOSINOPHILS

A
28
Q

G’s: EOSINOPHILS

A

MBP, Major basic protein= (kills parasites)

Small granules: has enzymes - Arylsulfatase B & Acid Phosphatase

29
Q

G’s: EOSINOPHILS

A

MBP - 11kDa cationic protein that kills/damages parasites, also induces histamine release by mast cells

30
Q

G’s: EOSINOPHILS

A
31
Q

G’s: EOSINOPHILS & parasites

A
  • attach to surface of parasite
  • exocytosis (bind to lipid bilayer & release contents onto surface) - realise product around outside of parasite
    ….
32
Q

G’s: BASOPHILS

A
  • extremely rare cell in blood accounting for only 0.5% of total leucocyte population
  • cytoplasm contains prominent basophilic granules
  • nucleus is bilobed to multi-lobate
33
Q

G’s: BASOPHILS

A

Granules contain histamine & other vasoactive molecules:

34
Q

G’s: BASOPHILS

A

Functions:
- granules contain various mediators of inflammation (histamine etc)

35
Q

Mast cells

A
  • stain intensely with dyes e.g. methylene blue & toluidine blue (i.e. they are basophilic)
  • found in solid tissues
  • structual & functional similarities to basophils
36
Q

Ontogeny of Mast cells and Basophils from a common precursor

A

(Do not give rise to each-other tho)

37
Q

2 types of mast cells:

A
  1. Those associated with MUCOSAL MEMBRANES (gut & lung) -require T cells
  2. Those associated with general connective tissue - T cell independent
38
Q

.

A
39
Q

Mast cells - granules

A

Composition: acidic …

40
Q

Mast cells - functions

A
  • central players in inflammation & allergies
41
Q

Mast cells

A
42
Q

LYMPHOCYTES

A

Morphology:

43
Q

LYMPHOCYTES

A

Primary lymphoid organs: e.g. bone marrow & thymus, site of production of …
Secondary lymphoid organs: e.g. spleen, lymph nodes

Peyer’s patches :

44
Q

LYMPHOCYTES types:

A

3 main:

B lymphocytes (bursa of Fabricius equivalent)
**T lymphocytes (thymus derived) (organ lobes that sit on top of heart)
**Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs; including natural killer (NK) cells)

45
Q

LYMPHOCYTES: B cell developemnt

A

Foetal liver > bone marrow > secondary lymphoid organs

46
Q

LYMPHOCYTES: B cell function

A

Produce antibody

Antigens bind to B cells
Undergo proliferation
Produce plasma cells

BIO 236 Cells And Immunity (12 decks)

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