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Anatomy 314 - Urogen > Lecture 6- female genital system (internal structures) > Flashcards

Lecture 6- female genital system (internal structures) Flashcards

1
Q

Internal female genital organs

A

Vagina
uterus
uterine tubes
ovaries

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2
Q
A
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3
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4
Q

the Vagina is

A
  • A Distensible fibromuscular tube.
  • Copulatory organ of females.
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5
Q

The vagina courses

A

posterosuperiorly from the perineum through the pelvic floor into the pelvic cavity.

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6
Q

The superior end of the vagina surrounds…

A

The cervix.

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7
Q

Internal end of the vag is enlarged:

A

vaginal vault.

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8
Q

fornix of the vagina

A

– 4 parts: anterior, posterior, 2 lateral fornices.
- Forms a recess around cervix

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9
Q

Vaginal canal:

A

normally collapsed.
* Opens inferiorly into vestibule.
➢ Posterior to urethral opening.

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10
Q

Vagina relations

A

 Anterior: fundus of bladder and urethra
 Lateral: Levator ani, pelvic fascia, and ureters
 Posterior: Rectouterine pouch, rectum, and anal canal

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11
Q

Vagina sphincters

A

Four muscles compress vagina and act as
sphincters:
 Pubovaginalis
 External urethral sphincter
 Urethrovaginal sphincter
 Bulbospongiosus

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12
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A
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13
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14
Q
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15
Q

The uterus is

A
  • A Thick-walled hollow muscular organ between bladder and rectum.
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16
Q

the uterus consists of

A

body (including fundus) and cervix.

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17
Q

The uterus joins the vagina

A

inferiorly via cervix.

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18
Q

Uterine tubes project

A

laterally from superior part of uterus.

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19
Q

Uterine tubes open into

A

peritoneal cavity adjacent to ovaries.

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20
Q

Uterine cavity is continuous with

A

uterine tube lumen & central canal of cervix.

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21
Q

Blastocyst implants into

A

body of uterus.

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22
Q

Uterus expands into abdominal cavity during

A

pregnancy.

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23
Q
A
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24
Q

Uterus position

A
  • Anteverted (tipped anterosuperiorly to axis of vagina) and anteflexed (flexed anteriorly to cervix).
  • Lies over the bladder.
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25
Q

Fundus of the uterus

A

rounded superior part of body of the uterusabove level of uterine tubes.

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26
Q

the body of the uterus lies between

A

the layers of the broad ligament (peritoneum).

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27
Q

Isthmus:

A

constricted section separating the uterine body from cervix.

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28
Q

The body of the uterus has 2 surfaces

A

vesical and intestinal.

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29
Q
A
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30
Q

The uterus body wall consists of 3 layers:

A

Perimetrium
Myometrium
Endometrium

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31
Q

Perimetrium:

A

peritoneum & thin layer of CT.

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32
Q

Myometrium:

A

middle smooth muscle layer.
➢ Distends during pregnancy.
➢ Contains blood vessels and nerves.
➢ Contracting during birth to push out fetus.

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33
Q

Endometrium:

A

inner mucous layer.
➢ shed during menstruation.
➢ blastocyst implants here in conception.

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34
Q
A
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35
Q

The cervix is separated from the uterine body by

A

isthmus.

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36
Q

In interior of the cervix is called the

A

cervical canal

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37
Q

Internal os of the cervix opens into the

A

uterine cavity

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38
Q

External os of the cervix opens into the

A

vaginal cavity

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39
Q

The cervix has two parts

A

supravaginal – between isthmus and vagina.

Vaginal – protrudes into vagina.

40
Q
A
41
Q

Uterus relations

A
  • Anterior – superior surface of bladder, vesicouterine pouch.
  • Posterior – rectouterine pouch, anterior surface of rectum.
    *Lateral – broad ligament, cardinal ligaments, ureters.
42
Q
A
43
Q
A
44
Q

Uterine tubes extend from

A

superior end of uterus body to lateral pelvic wall.

45
Q

uterine tubes are approx.

A

10cm long

46
Q

Uterine tubes are enclosed within

A

mesosalpinx
(free anterosuperior edge of broad ligament).

47
Q

Infundibulum of uterine tubes

A

curves around ovary.

48
Q

Lumen of uterine tube opens into

A

peritoneal cavity.

49
Q

Role of uterine tube in fertilization

A

➢Receives oocyte during ovulation.
* Site of fertilization of oocyte by spermatozoon.

50
Q
A
51
Q

Uterine tubes parts

A

▪ Infundibulum with fimbriae
▪ Ampulla
▪ Isthmus
▪ Uterine part

52
Q
A
53
Q

Infundibulum with fimbriae

A

➢Funnel shaped distal end that opens into peritoneal cavity. ➢Fimbriae spread over the medial surface of ovary.

54
Q

Ampulla

A

➢Widest and longest part.
➢fertilization occurs here.

55
Q

Isthmus

A

➢Thick-walled part.

56
Q

Uterine part

A

➢Passes through wall of uterus
➢Opens via uterine ostium into uterine cavity.

57
Q
A
58
Q
A
59
Q

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Uvsf6kMtIg

A
60
Q
A
61
Q

Ligaments associated with uterus

A

Broad ligament
= sheet-like fold of peritoneum covering uterus, uterine tubes, ovary.

62
Q

The broad ligament has 3 parts

A
  • Mesometrium
  • Mesosalpinx
  • Mesovarium
63
Q
  • Mesometrium
A

attaches to uterus.

64
Q

Mesosalpinx:

A

covers uterine tubes.

65
Q
  • Mesovarium:
A

attaches to ovary.

66
Q

https://teachmeanatomy.info/pelvis/female- reproductive-tract/ligaments/

A
67
Q

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bf_sr2qRRWs

A
68
Q
A
69
Q

reproductive function of ovaries

A
  • Site of oocyte development
70
Q

Endocrine function of ovaries

A
  • Secrete hormones
71
Q

Ovaries are __________ shaped and are located between ______

A
  • almond-shaped
  • uterus and lateral pelvic walls, inferior to pelvic inlet.
72
Q

Ovaries are attached by peritoneal folds:

A

Suspensory ligaments (contains ovarian vessels) which becomes continuous with:
➢ Mesovarium.
* Ligament of ovary – attaches uterine end of ovary to lateral angle of uterus.
* Round ligament – runs from lateral angle of uterus through inguinal canal.
* Ovarian and round ligaments: located within the
broad ligament.

73
Q
A
74
Q

Ovaries develop on

A

posterior abdominal wall and descend before birth – drag vessels, lymphatics & nerves with them.

75
Q

The site of egg production (oogenesis)

A

Ovaries

76
Q

Mature eggs ovulated into peritoneal cavity from puberty– directed by fimbria into uterine tubes.
This results in

A

The surface of ovary becomes scarred

77
Q

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ml29ezbvMuY

A
78
Q
A
79
Q

Arterial supply of uterus

A

mainly uterine, also ovarian arteries

80
Q

Arterial supply of uterine tubes

A

branches of ovarian & uterine arteries.

81
Q

Arterial supply of vagina

A

superior part by uterine artery, middle and inferior parts by vaginal and internal pudendal arteries.

82
Q

Arterial supply of ovaries

A

branches of ovarian & uterine arteries.

83
Q

Arterial supply of ovarian arteries

A

originate from abdominal aorta.

84
Q

Arteries of internal female genitals travel

A

in suspensory ligament.

85
Q

Uterine, vaginal & internal pudendal originate from

A

Internal iliac artery

86
Q
A
87
Q

Veins draining ovaries & uterine tubes

A

form pampiniform plexus in broad ligament near ovary & uterine tube → drain into ovarian vein (travels with ovarian artery in suspensory ligament) → right drains into inferior vena cava / left drains into left renal vein.

88
Q

Uterovaginal venous plexus:

A

Veins draining vagina and uterus form vaginal venous plexus, continuous with uterine venous plexus → drain into uterine vein →internal iliac vein.

89
Q
A
90
Q
A
91
Q
A
92
Q
A
93
Q
A
94
Q
A
95
Q
A

Anatomy 314 - Urogen (10 decks)

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