Lecture 6 Fallacies

Question 1

Fallacy

Answer 1

common way of poor reasoning

Question 2

ad hominem

Answer 2

Argument against the Person

irrelevant attack against the person place of the argument

Example:
Donald Trump is racist, sexist, and unscrupulous
therefore, his policy on immigration is wrong

Question 3

Relevant Claim

Answer 3

claim that increases/decreases likely-hood of conclusion

relevance is NOT truth
is NOT importance
irrelevance is NOT falsity

Question 4

Strawman

Answer 4

distorting of weakening an argument in an effort to discredit it

EXAMPLE
Undistorted:
decriminalizing mar

Distorted:

Question 5

Appeal to Ignorance

Answer 5

defending a conclusion by pointing out that others can’t show it false

EXAMPLE
You cant prove _________________ isnt
therefore it is

Question 6

Suppressed Evidence

Answer 6

failing to consider/overlooking evidence relevant to argument

Question 7

Non Sequitur

Answer 7

Irrelevant Reasons

offering irrelevant premise in support of a conclusion

Question 8

Begging the Question

Answer 8

Assuming without argument the very thing being argued about

EXAMPLE
A system where everything is owned in common wont work
Communism cant succeed

Question 9

False Dilemna

Answer 9

Either/Or

assuming only 2 alternatives when there are more

Question 10

Fallacy of the Line

Answer 10

b/c of a lack of a definite non-arbitrary line

there is no difference