Lecture 10 Heuristics and Bias

Question 1

Inferential heuristic

Answer 1

rule of thumb for reasoning

Question 2

Availability Heuristic (hint: consider limitations)

Answer 2

basing judgements of frequency on ease with which examples can be recalled

what we can easily remember/imagine/infer

works when
sample imagined is large and representative

Question 3

Salience

Answer 3

the ability of something to stand out

Question 4

representativeness heuristic

Answer 4

basing judgements of probability on how representative of typical something is of a member of a category

Question 5

Conjunction Fallacy

Answer 5

Thinking the claim is more probable if its more specific

Question 6

Ignoring the Base-rate

Answer 6

estimating probability in a narrow circumstance before the general probability

Question 7

Effect significance

Answer 7

a marked effect is not a significant effect

statistically significant does not mean practically significant

Question 8

Confirmation Bias

Answer 8

Tendency to look for confirming evidence WHILE

ignoring disconfirming evidence

Question 9

Validity effect

Answer 9

repetition increases tendency for belief