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Stats > Lecture 6 Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Lecture 6 Chapter 7 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the assumptions parametric tests make? Two of them

A

– Assume that the population distribution is normal
– Used to estimate population parameters such as means and variances

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2
Q

What tests do you use if the data is not “scale” data or the data is not normally disturbed

A

non-parametric tests

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3
Q

What type of test has less power or is less able to reject the null hypothesis when we really should

A

non-parametric tests

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4
Q

true/false
Non-parametric tests are less sensitive than parametric test

A

true

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5
Q

Is a chi-square test non/or parametric

A

It is a non-parametric test

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6
Q

What does a chi-square test compare?

A

compares observed frequencies with expected frequencies of variables

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7
Q

What type of data does the DV have to be to use a chi-square test?

A

Nominal or Dichotomous

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8
Q

What type of research design is needed to use chi-square

A

between-group design

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9
Q

What test do you run if you have a difference question and the DV is scale and a between design

A

Independent sample t test

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10
Q

What test do you run if you have a difference question and the DV is scale and a within design

A

Paired sample t-test

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11
Q

What test do you run if you have a difference question and the DV is ordinal and a between design

A

Mann-whitney U

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12
Q

Is Mann-Whitney U a parametric test?

A

no

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13
Q

What test do you run if you have a difference question and the DV is Ordinal and a within design

A

Wilcoxon

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14
Q

What test do you run if you have a difference question and the DV is nominal/dichotomous and a between design

A

Chi-square

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15
Q

What test do you run if you have a difference question and the DV is nominal/dichotomous and a within design

A

Mcnemar

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16
Q

What test do you run if you have an association question and the one variable is scale and one is nominal

A

Eta

17
Q

What test do you run if you have an association question and the two variables are scale?

A

Pearson R

18
Q

What test do you run if you have an association question and both variables are ordinal?

A

Kendall Tau

19
Q

What test do you run if you have an association question and both variables are nominal or dichotomous

A

PHI or Cramers-V

20
Q

you have an association question, and both variables are nominal or Dichotomous how do you decide between running a PHI or Cramers-V?

A

PHI is only two variables
Cramers-V is when both or 1 variables have 3 or more levels

21
Q

You have an association question, and both variables are nominal or Dichotomous what are you comparing?

A

Counts

22
Q

You have an association question, and both variables are ordinal what are you comparing?

A

Ranks

23
Q

You have an association question, and the two variables are scales what are you comparing?

A

Scores

24
Q

What is the Chi-Square comparing?

A

It compared the observed frequencies with the expected frequencies of the DV across that of the IV.

25
Q

What are the assumptions of Chi-Square

A

The primary assumption of chi-square is that none of the
expected frequencies should be less than 5.
-If one or more of the expected frequencies are less than
5, then something is wrong with your data

26
Q

What does the correlation coefficients tell you?

A

Describe the
1. Strength (effect size) of a relationship (association) between two variables
2. Direction of a relationship (association) between two variables

27
Q

What does the pearson R describe?

A

Used to describe the strength and direction of relationship between two scale variables

28
Q

Strength of a relationship can be referred to as?

A

Effect size

29
Q

The closer they are to -1 or +1, the _________ the relationship between the variables and the larger the effect size

A

Stronger

30
Q

The closer they are to zero, the ______ the relationship between the variables and the smaller the effect size

A

weaker

31
Q

Look at the correlation coefficients and If it is ________the variables change together in the same direction

A

positive

32
Q

Look at the correlation coefficients and If it is ________the variables change together in the opposite direction

A

Negative

33
Q

If the computed phi Has No minus sign in front, then the direction of the association is?

A

positive

34
Q

If the computed phi Has minus sign in front, then the direction of the association is?

A

negative

35
Q

negative correlation means? as one variable ____ the other_____

A

As one variable increases, the other decreases. Change in opposite direction

36
Q

positive correlation means? as one variable ____ the other_____

A

As one variable increases, the other increases. Change in same direction.

37
Q

The correlation coefficient tells us the cause and effect of a relationship
True or False

A

False

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