Lecture 6 Chapter 7 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the assumptions parametric tests make? Two of them

A

– Assume that the population distribution is normal
– Used to estimate population parameters such as means and variances

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2
Q

What tests do you use if the data is not “scale” data or the data is not normally disturbed

A

non-parametric tests

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3
Q

What type of test has less power or is less able to reject the null hypothesis when we really should

A

non-parametric tests

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4
Q

true/false
Non-parametric tests are less sensitive than parametric test

A

true

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5
Q

Is a chi-square test non/or parametric

A

It is a non-parametric test

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6
Q

What does a chi-square test compare?

A

compares observed frequencies with expected frequencies of variables

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7
Q

What type of data does the DV have to be to use a chi-square test?

A

Nominal or Dichotomous

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8
Q

What type of research design is needed to use chi-square

A

between-group design

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9
Q

What test do you run if you have a difference question and the DV is scale and a between design

A

Independent sample t test

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10
Q

What test do you run if you have a difference question and the DV is scale and a within design

A

Paired sample t-test

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11
Q

What test do you run if you have a difference question and the DV is ordinal and a between design

A

Mann-whitney U

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12
Q

Is Mann-Whitney U a parametric test?

A

no

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13
Q

What test do you run if you have a difference question and the DV is Ordinal and a within design

A

Wilcoxon

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14
Q

What test do you run if you have a difference question and the DV is nominal/dichotomous and a between design

A

Chi-square

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15
Q

What test do you run if you have a difference question and the DV is nominal/dichotomous and a within design

A

Mcnemar

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16
Q

What test do you run if you have an association question and the one variable is scale and one is nominal

17
Q

What test do you run if you have an association question and the two variables are scale?

18
Q

What test do you run if you have an association question and both variables are ordinal?

A

Kendall Tau

19
Q

What test do you run if you have an association question and both variables are nominal or dichotomous

A

PHI or Cramers-V

20
Q

you have an association question, and both variables are nominal or Dichotomous how do you decide between running a PHI or Cramers-V?

A

PHI is only two variables
Cramers-V is when both or 1 variables have 3 or more levels

21
Q

You have an association question, and both variables are nominal or Dichotomous what are you comparing?

22
Q

You have an association question, and both variables are ordinal what are you comparing?

23
Q

You have an association question, and the two variables are scales what are you comparing?

24
Q

What is the Chi-Square comparing?

A

It compared the observed frequencies with the expected frequencies of the DV across that of the IV.

25
What are the assumptions of Chi-Square
The primary assumption of chi-square is that none of the expected frequencies should be less than 5. -If one or more of the expected frequencies are less than 5, then something is wrong with your data
26
What does the correlation coefficients tell you?
Describe the 1. Strength (effect size) of a relationship (association) between two variables 2. Direction of a relationship (association) between two variables
27
What does the pearson R describe?
Used to describe the strength and direction of relationship between two scale variables
28
Strength of a relationship can be referred to as?
Effect size
29
The closer they are to -1 or +1, the _________ the relationship between the variables and the larger the effect size
Stronger
30
The closer they are to zero, the ______ the relationship between the variables and the smaller the effect size
weaker
31
Look at the correlation coefficients and If it is ________the variables change together in the same direction
positive
32
Look at the correlation coefficients and If it is ________the variables change together in the opposite direction
Negative
33
If the computed phi Has No minus sign in front, then the direction of the association is?
positive
34
If the computed phi Has minus sign in front, then the direction of the association is?
negative
35
negative correlation means? as one variable ____ the other_____
As one variable increases, the other decreases. Change in opposite direction
36
positive correlation means? as one variable ____ the other_____
As one variable increases, the other increases. Change in same direction.
37
The correlation coefficient tells us the cause and effect of a relationship True or False
False