Lecture 6 Flashcards
What are the distinguishing features of Legionella?
Thing gram negative bacteria that maybe polymorphic
- its thin due to the thin peptidoglycan layer
- Has highly hydrophobic LPS on the outisde
- Flagella
- fastedious growth requirments
What the ecology of legionella? Whats the source of infection?
-Bodies of water especially polluted and mud; plumbing
- Biofilms found in nature
- persistent and adaptive
The source of infection for legionella is enviroment not person to person
How can legionella transmitted?
Transmission via mist aerosols.
-Home plumbing, hospitals and other buildings
What is the mechanism of legionella pathogenisis?
- Distal Airways
- PAMS=> amplified
- Causes bronchitis and inflamation
- Immunity is cell mediated
Whats the clinical manifestations of Legionella?
it results to pneumonia;
- Often compromised
- Transplant patients
- smokers
Leads to pontic fever: mild fibrill illness l no respiratory complains
How to diagnosis legionella?
Direct examination
- Stains poorly on gram safrenin
- DFA direct fluoresent antibody
What are the distinguishing features of legionella cultures?
- Grows on MaConkey Agar
- Non-enteric Growth bacteria
-Legionella grows on buffered charcoal yeast extract that has to be specially requested
Legionella can be diagnosed via different tools but not as helpful; what are 3 of them?
- Urinary antigen is 99% likely to be accurate but 40-80% sensitive.
- PCR uncertain value at present
- Seroloy is not good for acute stages
How to treat and control legionella?
Use of specific antibiotics
- Fluoroquinolones
- Macrolides (azithomycin
And maintain it via
-Superheating
-fixing water systems
aquatic devices maintenance
What are the characterisitcs of Mycoplasma?
Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a gram negative bacteria without cell wall. Historically known as the eaton disease.
-Mycoplasma can be a genital related bacterium (e.g Mycoplama genitalium)
Whats the morphology and growth of mycoplasma? and What type of antigens it has?
-Filamentous and requires yeast extract/serum
Antigens:
- Single serogroup
- P1 protein mediated attachment
What is the epidmiology of mycoplasma?
Endemic and epidemic.
- in schools and barracks
- Slow spread and requires contact.
Whats the pathogenisis of mycoplasma?
- requires mucosal attachment
- Nondestructive
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Whats the manifestation of mycoplasma?
- Pharyngitis
- trachebronchitis
- otitis media
- penoumonia
- generally mild (walking pneumonia
How to diagnose mycoplasma?How to treat mycoplasma
- Serology will have high IgM 1-3 weeks or paird with IgG.
-NO CELL wall so cell wall agent antibiotics cant work
So macrolids and tereacycline
