Lecture 6

Question 1

VESTIGIAL TRAITS

Answer 1

WISDOM TEETH, APPENDIX, COCCYX

Question 2

LONG BONE VASCULARIZATION

Answer 2

DIAPHYSEAL NUTRIENT ARTERY - DIVIDES INTO ASCENDING AND DESCENDING ONCE INTO THE MEDULLARY CAVITY OF THE BONE
META- AND EPIPHYSEAL ARTERIES SUPPLY ENDS OF THE BONE

Question 3

SKELETON

Answer 3

STRONGEST @ 30 YR OLD
PROVIDES: 
1.) SUPPORT
2.) STRUCTURE
3.) ASSISTANCE W/ MOVEMENT
4.) STORAGE FOR ENERGY CELLS/MINERALS

Question 4

4 MAJOR BONE CELLS

Answer 4

1. ) OSTEOCLASTS
2. ) OSTEOBLASTS
3. ) OSTEOCYTES
4. ) LINING CELLS

Question 5

OSTEOCLASTS

Answer 5

GENERATED BY BONE MARROW AND RELATED TO WBCs
FORMED BY FUSION OF 2+ CELLS (I.E. 1+ NUCLEI)
FOUND ON THE SURFACE OF DISSOLVING BONE
KEY TO THE REMODELING PROCESS
**BISPHOSPHOLATE USED TO CONTROL OSTEOCLASTS

Question 6

OSTEOBLASTS

Answer 6

GENERATED BY BONE MARROW AND MONONUCLEATED
SECRETE OSTEOID (BONE COLLAGEN + PROTEINS)
CONTROL CA AND MINERAL DEPOSITION
FOUND ON THE SURFACE OF NEW BONE

Question 7

OSTEOCYTES

Answer 7

GENERATED BY OSTEOBLASTS DURING BONE REGENERATION AND SURROUNDED BY OSTEOID
THEY ARE NOT ISOLATED, USE LONG BRANCHES TO COMMUNICATE W/ EACH OTHER
SENSE PRESSURE/CRACKS IN BONE AND RECRUIT OSTEOCLASTS TO DAMAGED SURFACE
HOUSED W/IN LACUNA

Question 8

LINING CELLS

Answer 8

POST OSTEOBLAST ACTIVITY, CELLS BECOME FLAT AND LINE SURFACE OF NEW BONE
REGULATE PASSAGE OF CALCIUM INTO AND OUT OF THE BONE AND HAVE THE ABILITY TO ACTIVATE OSTEOCLASTS

Question 9

BONE MODELING

Answer 9

FORMATION OF NEW BONE W/O RESORPTION OF OLD BONE

Question 10

BONE REMODELING

Answer 10

LIFELONG PROCESS WHERE RESORPTION AND OSSIFICATION OCCUR IN EQUILIBRIUM
TRABECULAR BONE REMODELING RATE = 25%/YR
CORTICAL BONE REMODELING RATE = 3%/YR

Question 11

BEST AND MOST NATURAL METHOD TO SAVE THE STRUCTURE OF A TOOTH

Answer 11

ROOT CANAL

Question 12

WHAT TYPES OF STEM CELLS PLAY A ROLE IN REGENERATION OF PULPAL TISSUE

Answer 12

iPAPCs (INFLAMMED PERIAPICAL PROGENITOR CELLS) SCAPs (STEM CELLS FROM APICAL PAPILLA)

Question 13

CUTTING CONE

Answer 13

FORMATION SITE OF NEW BONE (OSTEOCLASTS FOLLOWED BY OSTEOBLASTS)