Lecture 6 Flashcards
FOREST NURSERY TECHNOLOGIES
Place set aside for the production of planting stocks for artificial forest regeneration activities
FOREST NURSERY TECHNOLOGIES
Why the forest nurseries? (5)
- Irregular flowering and fruiting of most tree species
- Planting stocks best for marginal areas
- TLC during trees’ most delicate period of growth
- Takes advantage of seed years
- Seed and seedling selection possible
TYPES OF FOREST NURSERY
- PERMANENT
- TEMPORARY
OBJECTIVE of PERMANENT
Entire plantation
SIZE of PERMANENT forest nursery
large
APPG of PERMANENT forest nursery
large
Location of PERMANENT forest nursery
central
duration of PERMANENT forest nursery
long term
Infrastructure of PERMANENT forest nursery
permanent
Mechanization of PERMANENT forest nursery
Justified
Quality Control of PERMANENT forest nursery
Better
Unit Cost of PERMANENT forest nursery
Lower
Capital Cost of PERMANENT forest nursery
Lower
Supervision of PERMANENT forest nursery
More supervision
Objective of TEMPORARY forest nursery
Portions of plantation
Size of TEMPORARY forest nursery
small
APPG of TEMPORARY forest nursery
small
Location of TEMPORARY forest nursery
Specified portion
Duration of TEMPORARY forest nursery
Short term
Infrastructure of TEMPORARY forest nursery
Temporary
Mechanization of TEMPORARY forest nursery
Not justified
Quality Control of TEMPORARY forest nursery
Not assured
Unit Cost of TEMPORARY forest nursery
Higher
Capital Cost of TEMPORARY forest nursery
Higher
Supervision of TEMPORARY forest nursery
Less supervision
SITE SELECTION (8)
- Soil
- Freedom from weeds
- EXPOSURE and ASPECT
- SLOPE
- WATER
- SIZE of the AREA
- GROUND COVER
- SOURCE OF LABOR
Soil (4)
- Physical, chemical and biological properties to be considered
- Soil texture (light sandy loam or loamy sand)
- Soil pH
- Soil fertility
SITE SELECTION:
Freedom from weeds (1)
Free from annual and perennial weeds
SITE SELECTION:
EXPOSURE and ASPECT (4)
- Open as possible
- Not exposed to strong winds
- East, northeastern facing slopes which are colder
- Consider orientation of nursery beds; nursery beds are to be parallel to the NE direction
SITE SELECTION:
SLOPE (2)
- Flat areas not desirable; 3-5% slope is desirable so that rainwater will not stagnate, and distribution of water can be facilitated through gravity
- If too steep, do bench terracing
SITE SELECTION:
WATER (3)
- Quantity and quality
considerations - Water pH
- Water source
SITE SELECTION:
SIZE of the AREA (1)
- Wide enough to accommodate all essential parts of the nursery and supportive infrastructures
SITE SELECTION:
GROUND COVER
- Least cost for site preparation activities
- Soil fertility and soil moisture regime
SITE SELECTION:
SOURCE OF LABOR (3)
- Labor intensive
- Close to source of abundant cheap labor
- Social desirability
DESIGN AND LAY-OUT (4)
- Should mimic a factory
- Requires a knowledge of the whole process
of seedling production - Takes into consideration all the activities
and required facilities - Should allow for economical movement of
people and materials
DESIGN AND LAY-OUT:
PARTS OF A FOREST NURSERY (2)
Production
Non-production
DESIGN AND LAY-OUT:
directly related to the nursery seedling culture
Production
DESIGN AND LAY-OUT:
non-direct but critical in the production of seedling stocks
Non-production
DESIGN AND LAY-OUT:
PRODUCTION AREA (8)
- Nursery beds
- Seed house
- Soil shed/storage
- Potting shed
- Compost compartment
- Seedling processing shed
- Tool room/chemical storage
- Water impoundment area
DESIGN AND LAY-OUT:
NON-PRODUCTION AREA (4)
- Nursery office
- Laborers’ quarters
- Motor pool
- Other infrastuctures in support of seedling production
DESIGN AND LAY-OUT:
The Road System (4)
- Interior roads should be enough to permit turning space for vehicles
- Perimeter road for security reasons
- Surfacing with fine rocks or gravel
- Paths will also be necessary
DESIGN AND LAY-OUT:
WATER SUPPLY/IRRIGATION SYSTEMS (#1 (2))
From the source (impoundment system)
1.Gravity system
2.Pumps
DESIGN AND LAY-OUT:
WATER SUPPLY/IRRIGATION SYSTEMS (#2 (3))
Distribution within the nursery
1.Open ditches
2.Surface pipes
3.Underground pipes
DESIGN AND LAY-OUT:
Watering the Nursery Beds (4)
- Sprinkling
- Flooding
- Furrow irrigation
- Drip irrigation or sub-irrigation
FOREST NURSERY PRODUCTION SYSTEMS:
Containerized Production Systems (5)
- Potted
- Tube
- Sets
- Striplings
- wildlings
FOREST NURSERY PRODUCTION SYSTEMS:
Bareroot Production Systems (3)
- Bareroot
- Stumps
- Balled planting stocks
FOREST NURSERY PRODUCTION SYSTEMS:
Advantages of BAREROOT (6)
▪ minimal transplanting
▪ easier tending
▪ lesser weight during transport
▪ simple processing and handling of planting stocks
▪ best suited for mechanized planting
FOREST NURSERY PRODUCTION SYSTEMS:
Disadvantages of BAREROOT (5)
▪ need for excellent nursery soil
▪ longer sowing synchronization time
▪ greater risk of root damage
▪ needs abundant water during nursery seedling culture
▪ non-flexibility of planting dates
FOREST NURSERY PRODUCTION SYSTEMS:
ADVANTAGES of CONTAINERIZED (6)
▪ no need for good nursery soil
▪ shorter production time
▪ root integrity preserved
▪ faster growth initiation after outplanting
▪ planting season can be extended
▪ minimal start-up time
FOREST NURSERY PRODUCTION SYSTEMS:
DISADVANTAGES of CONTAINERIZED (5)
