Lecture 5.4 Flashcards

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1
Q

List the Progression of complexity of Ecology

A

Population
Community
Ecosystem
Biome

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2
Q

consists of all of the populations in an area and the nonliving physical environments

A

Ecosystem

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3
Q

Ecologists study __ and ___

A

Energy flow and chemicals

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4
Q

Chemicals generally exist in

A

cycles through the ecosystem

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5
Q

Plants are eaten by herbivores

A

primary consumer

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6
Q

Herbivores are eaten by a carnivore

A

secondary consumer

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7
Q

Likely that another carnivore is involved that consumes the first carnivore

A

tertiary consumer

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8
Q

eat plants and animals

A

Omnivore

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9
Q

eaters of dead material/detritus

A

Detritivore

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10
Q

: Bacteria and fungi that take organic material and break it down into inorganic compounds

A

Decomposers

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11
Q

: earth worms that take the smaller chunks and break it down into even smaller chunks

A

Detritivore

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12
Q

: something big like a turkey vulture, eats large chunks of meat and breaks them down into small chunks

A

Scavengers

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13
Q

: the amount of energy on one level that is made into organism on the next

A

Food chain efficiency

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14
Q

a graphical representation designed to show the biomass or bio productivity at each trophic level in a given ecosystem. Energy is lost at each step as you go up the trophic level

A

Ecological pyramid

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15
Q

a grasshopper eating a leaf, 50% lost as feces, 33% lost as cellular respiration this is an example of

A

ecological pyramid

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16
Q

the amount of organic matter from light per unit area per unit time, often measured in grams/meter squared/year

A

Primary productivity of an ecosystem

17
Q

amount of heterotrophs made/area/unit time

A

Secondary productivity

18
Q

Chemical cycles are more properly called

A

biogeochemical cycles

19
Q

Carbon on our earth exists in __ different areas

A
4-5
Atmosphere
Living things
Lithosphere
Fossile fuels
20
Q

in equilibrium with the hydrosphere (all water of the earth)

A

The atmosphere

21
Q

contain carbon, we gain it from the atmosphere, plants gain it from photosynthesis

A

living things

22
Q

the rocks of the planet, can dissolve in water over time and the carbon returns and through volcanic venting carbon is returned to the atmosphere

A

lithosphere

23
Q

carbon preserved in remains of organisms long ago

A

fossil fiels

24
Q

Humans are deforesting places on earth, especially tropical, when trees are cut down or burned the carbon returns to the atmosphere, which

A

increases the atmospheric concentration of carbon

25
Q

We are also using fossil fuels which releases carbon into the atmosphere again increasing the carbon in the atmosphere and in the

A

hydrosphere (our oceans are becoming more acidic)

26
Q

On land, plants take up phosphorus, plants get eaten so animals get phosphorus, animals die, and P returns to the soil. Similar cycle in the water

A

Phosphorus cycle